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NBS Gen Anatomy > Gen Anatomy osteology 15% > Flashcards

Gen Anatomy osteology 15% Flashcards

1
Q

What is endochondral ossification?

A

Cartilage is replaced by bone

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2
Q

What is Intramembranous ossification?

A

Membranous bone

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3
Q

Compact bone is aka?

A

Lamellae

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4
Q

Lamellae aka compact bone forms what?

A

Haversian canals

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5
Q

Haversian canals aka? Are located where in the osteon?

A

central canal; core of osteon

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6
Q

Where are lacunae located?

A

between lamellae

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7
Q

What are the mature cells in the lacunae called?

A

osteocytes

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8
Q

What allows osteocytes in the lacunae to “talk” with eachother?

A

canaliculi

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9
Q

Which type of bone is highly vascular and therefor attracts cancer?

A

spongy/cancellous bone

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10
Q

What is a major inorganic component of bone?

A

hydroxyapatite

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11
Q

OsteoBLASTS do what to bone?

A

BUILD bone

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12
Q

OsteoCLASTS do what to bone?

A

break down/reabsorb bone

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13
Q

What part of bone feels pain?

A

periosteum

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14
Q

Where are neurotransmitters stored at?

A

terminal button

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15
Q

What divides the foregut and midgut?

A

liver & pancreatic buds

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16
Q

Everything from the pharyx up is part of the ____gut.

A

fore

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17
Q

Everything from the duodenum to part of the transverse colon is part of the ____gut.

A

mid

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18
Q

Everything from part of the transverse colon to the anal canal is part of the ____gut.

A

hind

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19
Q

What ligament resists anterior translation & medial rotation of the tibia, in relation to the femur?

A

ACL

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20
Q

What ligament prevents femur from sliding off anterior edge of tibia & prevents tibia from displacing posterior to femur?

A

PCL

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21
Q

What ligament resists forces that would push knee medially

A

MCL

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22
Q

What ligament keeps the outer side of the knee joint stable?

A

LCL

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23
Q

What ligament distributes over fifty percent of the medial support of the elbow?

A

Ulnar collateral

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24
Q

What ligament protects the elbow joint from twisting forces generated in pitching, serving a tennis ball or throwing a javelin?

A

Ulnar collateral

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25
Q

What ligament remains taut throughout extension & flexion of the elbow joint?

A

Radial collateral

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26
Q

What ligament wraps around the head of the radius & attaches to the ulna, stabilizes the radius in radial notch & allows for rotating hand?

A

annular collateral

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27
Q

What are the hepatic artery, hepatic portal vein & common bile duct collectively called?

A

Portal triad

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28
Q

What connects the ciliary body with crystalline lens of the eye?

A

zonule of zinn

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29
Q

How many total bones are in the body?

A

206

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30
Q

How many bones are in the appendicular skeleton?

A

126

31
Q

How many bones are in the axial skeleton

A

80

32
Q

What bone is the coraCoid apart of?

A

Scapula

33
Q

What muscles attach to the coraCoid of the scapula?

A
  1. pectoralis minor
  2. coracobrachialis
  3. short head of biceps
34
Q

Where is the spine of the scapula located in relation to vertebral level?

A

root of T3

35
Q

What vertebral level is the inferior border or the scapula located when standing up and when prone?

A

standing = T7

Prone/laying down = T6

36
Q

What bone is the conoid a part of?

A

Clavicle

37
Q

What ligament attaches to the conoid of the clavicle?

A

coracoclavicular ligament

38
Q

What is the first bone to begin ossification?

A

clavicle

39
Q

Which bone is the capitulum found on?

A

humerus

40
Q

What bone does the capitulum of the humerus articulate with?

A

radial head

41
Q

what part of the humerus articulates with the ulna?

A

trochlea

42
Q

Where on the humerus do the SIT muscles of the “SITS” attach?

A

greater tubercle

43
Q

Where does the subscapular muscle of the SITS muscles attach on the humerus?

A

lesser tubercle

44
Q

What landmark and on what bone does the deltoid insert on?

A

deltoid tuberosity of the humerus

45
Q

On what landmark and bone does the biceps muscle attach?

A

radial tuberosity of the radius

46
Q

What feature of the radius articulates with the ulna?

A

ulnar notch of the radius

47
Q

What landmark is a locator for the lunate?

A

Lister’s tubercle of the radius

48
Q

What bone has the conoNoid?

A

Ulna

49
Q

Is the head of the ulna distal or proximal?

A

distal

50
Q

How many carpal bones are there?

A

8

51
Q

What are the carpal bones in the proximal row going from Lateral to Medial with the hand in anatomical position?

A

Scaphoid, Lunate, Triquetrum, and Pisiform

52
Q

What are the carpal bones in the distal row going from Lateral to Medial with the hand in anatomical position?

A

Trapezoid, Trapezium, Capitate, and Hamate

53
Q

What is the most commonly fractured carpal bone?

A

Scaphoid

54
Q

What is the most commonly subluxated carpal bone?

A

lunate

55
Q

If you fracture the surgical neck of the humerus what nerve would you damage?

A

Axillary Nerve

56
Q

If you fracture the shaft of the humerus what nerve would be damaged?

A

Radial nerve

57
Q

What are the hand muscles supplied by the median nerve (LOAF)

A

Lumbricales
Opponens pollicis
Adductor pollicis brevis
Flexor pollicis brevis

58
Q

All other hand muscles other than the LOAF muscles are supplied by what nerve?

A

Ulnar nerve

59
Q

The flexor carpi ulnaris tendon is by which carpal bone?

A

Pisiform

60
Q

What are the anatomical snuff box borders?

A
  1. Extensor pollicis longus
  2. Extensor pollicis brevis
  3. adductor pollicis longus
61
Q

What type of nodes are associated with the following joints and what type of arthritis affects them most:

  1. DIP
  2. PIP
  3. MCP
A
  1. HEbardans nodes; OA
  2. BUshard nodes; OA & RA
  3. HAYgard nodes; RA
62
Q

What type of arthritis will affect all three (DIP, PIP, and MCP) joints

A

psoriatic arthritis

63
Q

What metacarpals articulate with each of the distal carpal bones?

A

Trapezium - 1st metacarpal
Trapezoid - 2nd metacarpal
Capitate - 3rd metacarpal and slightly the 4th
Hamate - 4th and 5th metacarpals

64
Q

Study abdominal aorta artery quiz in note packet

A

page 5

65
Q

The sciatic nerve travels along what landmark on the ilium?

A

iliopectineal line aka arcuate line

66
Q

What nerve transverses through the lesser sciatic notch on the __________ bone?

A

pudendal nerve; ischium

67
Q

What 3 bones make up the acetabulum?

A
  1. Ilium
  2. Ishium
  3. Pubis
68
Q

The adductor tubercle is located one what aspect of what bone?

A

medial aspect of the femur

69
Q

What bone is the linea aspera a part of and what is it inferior to?

A

femur; gluteal tuberosity

70
Q

The soleal line is located on what bone?

A

posterior tibia

71
Q

Is the head of the fibula proximal or distal, and what nerve is seen there?

A

Proximal lateral aspect; peroneal nerve

72
Q

How many tarsal bones are there?

A

7

73
Q

On an A-P view starting with the posterior-lateral tarsal bone moving in a clockwise fashion what is the pneumonic to remember the tarsal bones?

A

Crazy Ted Nugent Captured 3 cubs

74
Q

What are the tarsal bones

A
  1. calcaneous
  2. talus
  3. 1st, 2nd, and 3rd cuneiform
  4. cuboid (5th metatarsal side)

NBS Gen Anatomy (9 decks)

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