ged 14 Flashcards

1
Q

nullisomy

A

missing a pair of homologous chromosomes

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2
Q

monosomy

A

loss of a single chromosome 2n-1

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3
Q

trisomy

A

one extra chromsome2n+1

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4
Q

tetrasomy

A

an extra pair of chromosomes 2n+2

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5
Q

how does non disjunction arise

A

abnormal segregation during meiosis

or failure in separation of sister chromatids

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6
Q

what does non disjunction result in

A

an aneuploid embryo (extra chromosome or a missing chromosome )

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7
Q

what is down syndrome an example of

A

trisomy 2n+1

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8
Q

wht is translocation

A

when one part of a chromosome becomes fused with a different chromosome

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9
Q

turner syndrome XO is an example of

A

monosomy 2n-1

karyotype 45, X

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10
Q

trisomy in sex chromsomes

A

Klinefelter XXY
triplo X XXX
XYY syndrome

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11
Q

what leads to aneuploidy in older women

A

premature loss of cohesion in prophase one that gives two univalent

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12
Q

what is found in mtDNA

A

components required for translation

structural genes involved for oxidative phosphorylation

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13
Q

cpDNA

A

structural genes involved in photosynthesis

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14
Q

wht is meant by uniparental

A

only one of the two parents contribute to the next gneration

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15
Q

what is heteroplasmy

A

oocyte contains two different types of mitochondria wild type and mutant

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