GCSE PE - Movement Analysis

Question 1

What is meant by the term mechanical advantage?

Answer 1

A lever has a mechanical advantage if it only needs a small effort to move a large load

Question 2

Which type of levers have a mechanical advantage?

Answer 2

2nd class levers always have an advantage,
1st class lever can do, depending on where the fulcrum lies in the middle.

Question 3

In the body what acts as a fulcrum/pivot?

Answer 3

A joint

Question 4

In the body what acts as the effort in a lever system?

Answer 4

Muscles

Question 5

What lies in the middle of a first class lever?

Answer 5

Fulcrum

Question 6

What lies in the middle of a second class lever?

Answer 6

Load

Question 7

What lies in the middle of a third class lever?

Answer 7

Effort

Question 8

Identify the 3 planes of movement

Answer 8

Frontal plane
Transverse plane
Sagittal plane

Question 9

Which plane runs vertically dividing the body into front and back sections?

Answer 9

Frontal plane

Question 10

Which plane divides the body into upper and lower sections?

Answer 10

Transverse plane

Question 11

Which plane of movement splits the body vertically into left and right sides?

Answer 11

Sagittal plane

Question 12

What movements occur through the frontal plane?

Answer 12

Abduction and adduction

E.g. Star jumps

Question 13

What movements occur through the transverse plane?

Answer 13

Rotation

E.g. a half twist in trampolining

Question 14

What movements occur through the sagittal plane?

Answer 14

Flexion and extension

E.g. Leg running action

Question 15

Name the 3 axes of rotation

Answer 15

Frontal axis
Transverse axis
Longitudinal axis

Question 16

Which axis of rotation runs down through the centre of the body from top to bottom?

Answer 16

Longitudinal axis

Question 17

Which axis of rotation runs through the belly button from front to back?

Answer 17

Frontal axis

Question 18

Which axis of rotation runs through the body from side to side

Answer 18

Transverse axis

Question 19

What movements rotate around the frontal axis?

Answer 19

Abduction/ adduction

Question 20

Give an example of a sporting action the rotates around the frontal axis

Answer 20

Cartwheel

Question 21

What movements occur around the transverse axis

Answer 21

Flexion/extension

Question 22

Give an example of a sporting movement that rotates around the transverse axis

Answer 22

Somersault

Question 23

What movements occur around the longitudinal axis?

Answer 23

Rotation

Question 24

Give a sporting example of a movement that rotates around the longitudinal axis

Answer 24

A pirouette in dance,

A full twist in trampolining

Question 25

Identify the 3 components of a lever system

Answer 25

Fulcrum, Effort and Load

Question 26

Give an example of a 1st class lever in sport

Answer 26

heading a football fulcrum = neck joint effort = trapezius load = head

Question 27

Give an example of a 2nd class lever in sport

Answer 27

jumping up off the floor fulcrum = joints between your tarsals/metatarsals effort = gastrocnemius load = body weight

Question 28

Give an example of a 3rd class lever in sport

Answer 28

the upwards phase of a bicep curl fulcrum = elbow effort = biceps load = weight in hand

Question 29

During the upwards phase of a bicep curl, which type of lever is being used?

Answer 29

3rd class

Question 30

When going up onto your tiptoes during take-off when performing high jump, which type of lever is being used?

Answer 30

2nd class

Question 31

When heading a ball in football, which type of lever system is being used?

Answer 31

1st class

Question 32

During the upwards phase of a bicep curl, what acts as the effort?

Answer 32

bicep

Question 33

During the upwards phase of a bicep curl, what acts as the fulcrum?

Answer 33

elbow

Question 34

During the upwards phase of a bicep curl, what acts as the load?

Answer 34

the weight in your hand

Question 35

When going up onto your tiptoes during take-off when performing high jump, what acts as the effort?

Answer 35

gastrocnemius

Question 36

When going up onto your tiptoes during take-off when performing high jump, what acts as the load?

Answer 36

body weight

Question 37

When going up onto your tiptoes during take-off when performing high jump, what acts as the fulcrum?

Answer 37

joints between tarsals and metatarsals

Question 38

When heading a ball in football, what acts as the effort?

Answer 38

trapezius

Question 39

When heading a ball in football, what acts as the load

Answer 39

your head

Question 40

When heading a ball in football, what acts as the fulcrum

Answer 40

your neck

Question 41

What is meant by the term 'Mechanical Disadvantage'?

Answer 41

it takes a larger effort to move a smaller load

Question 42

Which lever system has a mechanical disadvantage?

Answer 42

``` 3rd class lever always has a mechanical disadvantage 2nd class lever can do, depending on where the fulcrum lies in the middle. ```

Question 43

Although a 3rd class lever has a mechanical disadvantage, what is an advantage of this lever system?

Answer 43

you can move quickly

Question 44

Give a sporting example of a movement that occurs through the transverse plane

Answer 44

e.g. a full twist | anything that involves rotation

Question 45

Give a sporting example of a movement that occurs through the sagittal plane

Answer 45

e.g. running | anything that involves flexion and / or extension

Question 46

Give a sporting example of a movement that occurs through the frontal plane

Answer 46

e.g. star jumps | anything that involves abduction and / or adduction

Question 47

Which axis of rotation does a cartwheel turn about?

Answer 47

frontal axis

Question 48

Which axis of rotation does a full twist turn about?

Answer 48

longitudinal axis

Question 49

Which axis of rotation does a front somersault turn about?

Answer 49

transverse axis

Question 50

Which plane of movement does the leg running action move through, and which axis does it turn about?

Answer 50

runs through the sagittal plane and around the transverse axis

Question 51

Which plane of movement does a star jump move through, and which axis does it turn about?

Answer 51

runs through the frontal plane and around the frontal axis

Question 52

Which plane of movement does a full twist move through, and which axis does it turn about?

Answer 52

runs through the transverse plane and around the longitudinal axis