Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

CELL1001 > Gastrulation > Flashcards

Gastrulation Flashcards

1
Q

Invagination

A

Folding of the surface epithelium of the blastula usually at the vegetal pole to form a central tube, archenteron

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Blastopore

A

Point of invagination

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Involution

A

Similar to invagination and also forms an archenteron that extends towards the animal pole from a blastopore

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Ingression

A

Migration of individual cells from surface epithelium into the interior of the embryo

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Primary mesenchyme cells

A

Apical surface of vegetal plate form bottle cells which ingress into blastocoel, remaining clustered at vegetal plate to form precursors of the mesoderm

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Cadherins

A

Ca2+ dependent adhesion molecules

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Convergent-extension

A

Cells become elongated perpendicular to axis of elongation and form actin and myosin rich lamellipodia at opposite poles. Lamellipodia used to exert traction on each other and drive cell intercalation narrowing invaginating tube and elongating towards animal pole

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Secondary mesenchyme cells

A

Complete elongation of archenteron. Form at invaginating tip of archenteron and produce filopodia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Filopodia

A

Long cytoplasmic extensions that search for basal surface of animal pole§

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Trophoblast

A

Outer epithelium at 16-32 cell stage of holoblastic cleavage, forms chronic layers of placenta

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Inner cell mass

A

Small population of internal mesenchyme- like cells at 16 to 32 cell stage

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

First step in development of mammalian ICM

A

Formation of hypoblast and epiblast

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Hybolast layer is adjacent to

A

Blastocoel

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Heuser’s membrane

A

Layer of exraembryonic endoderm deriving from hypoblast spreading around trophoblast lining the blastocoel

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Yolk sac

A

Enclosed cavity by Heuser’s membrane

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Meckel’s diverticulum

A

Small bulge in the small intenstine and is most frequent congenital malformation of digestive tract

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Amniotic membrane

A

Layer of flattened epithelial, extraembroynic ectoderm,cells lining amnion formed by epiblast

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Synctiotrophoblast

A

Tissue formed when trophobolast is in contact with endometrium. Highly invasive and penetrates uterine walls, secreting enzymes that digest the extracellular matrix which normally surrounds and connects cells.

19
Q

Cytotrophoblast

A

Trophoblast cells lining blastocoel in contact with ICM remaining a single layered cellular epithelium

20
Q

Lacunae

A

Cavities in the synctiotrophoblast filled with maternal blood from uterine capillaries

21
Q

HCG

A

Required to maintain progesterone production by the corpus luteum

22
Q

Buccopharyngeal membrane

A

Formed by epiblast layer at future rostral pole

23
Q

Cloacal membrane

A

Formed by hypoblast layer at future caudal pole

24
Q

Primitive streak

A

Ridge of cells at midlien of caudal half of epiblast layer on 14th day

25
Q

Node

A

Mould of cells at rostral end of primitive streak

26
Q

Somites

A

Paired blocks formed progressively along rostral-caudal axis by paraxial mesoderm.

27
Q

Anecephaly

A

Failure to close anterior neural tube causes brain degeneration and failure to form cranium

28
Q

Spina bifida

A

Failure to close posterior end leads to severe paralysis

29
Q

Pharyngeal arches

A

Cranial neural crest cells which differentiate as cartilage and bone migrate into ventral region of head

30
Q

Phylotypic stage

A

Where vertebrate embryos are most similar

31
Q

The ICM forms

A

tissues of fetus, amniotic membrane, yolk sac epithelium, vascalature of placenta and umbilical cord

32
Q

The amniotic membrane is formed from the

A

Epiblast layer

33
Q

The epiblast layers has ______ epithelium

A

Simple cuboidal

34
Q

Chronic somatomammotropin

A

Maintains placental growth

35
Q

Chronic thyrotropin

A

Regulates mothers metabolism

36
Q

Chronic corticotropin

A

Regulates growth of mammary glands

37
Q

Trophoblast blocks _______ by ______ antigen

A

Pregnancy termination by paternal antigen

38
Q

Buccopharyngeal form

A

mouth

39
Q

Cloacal

A

anus

40
Q

Nucleus pulposus is the only area where

A

notochord is retained in inter-vertebral discs

41
Q

Neural plate of ectoderm is formed at the

A

end of gastrulation

42
Q

Apical constriction and convergent-extension is needed for

A

neural tube closure

43
Q

Splachnic mesoderm is formed from

A

Embryonic folding

44
Q

Krox20 is necessary for transcription of

A

Rhomborents 3 + 5

CELL1001 (8 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions