Gastrointestinal system Flashcards
what do we need to be careful for when performing a colonoscopy?
V/S - vasovagal response ( ⬇️BP & HR)
What does aphthous stomatitis mean?
canker sores
what does candidiasis mean?
yeast/fungal infection (thrush)
2 nursing interventions/care for hiatal hernias?
- HOB ⬆️
- avoid HS snacking; no supine 1hr after eating
S/S of a hiatal hernia?
- none, if small
- heartburn, feeling full reflux, if large
5 foods to avoid when a hiatal hernia is present:
- spicy food
- chocolate
- coffee
- alcohol
- menthol
what does fundoplication mean?
part of the stomach wraps around the hernia
What does GERD mean?
gastroesophageal reflux disease
what is gastritis & the concern with it?
inflammation of stomach mucosa.
- That is will turn to an ulcer
4 S/S of gastritis?
- epigastric pain
- nausea
- anorexia
- heartburn
3 Tx for gastritis?
- antacids
- diet
- antibiotics (H.Pylori)
what is peptic ulcer disease? (WILL be cancerous)
pepsin, a type of acid is in the stomach causing erosion
Peptic ulcer disease is usually caused by a bacteria called _.______.
H.Pylori
Barrett’s Disease is a peptic ulcer in the ________.
esophagus
Gastric CA is often mistaken for _____ _____; it is the 2nd most common CA
peptic ulcers
a pyloroplasty repairs __________ of the _______ sphincter.
narrowing
pyloric
if a PT has a fever, ⬆️ WBCs, & pain in RLQ, they may have ____________.
appendicitis
is peritonitis life-threatening?
yes - it is caused by leakage into the peritoneum
an epinepherine injection can be given to a PT with diverticulitis to help with vaso_________.
vasoconstriction
Inguinal, Umbilical, & Incisional are all types of _________ hernias.
abdominal
what is the worry with abdominal hernias? (emergency)
strangulation
what are 2 types of IBD? (multiple choice) A) Celiac & Colitis B) Colitis & Lactose Intolerant C) Colitis & Crohn's D) Crohn's & Celiac
C - Colitis & Crohn’s
ulcerative IBD is known as
colitis
IBD & IBS stand for
IBD - Inflammatory Bowel Disease
IBS - Irritable Bowel Syndrome
4 s/s of IBD? (issues with absorption & inflammation)
- diarrhea
- wt loss
- bloody diarrhea
- pain
2 S/S of IBS? (appears like IBD)
- diarrhea
- pain
tx for absorption disorders? (IBD/IBS)
- antibiotics
- steroids (reduces inflammation)
The most common cause of small bowel obstructions? (HINT: glue)
adhesion of the bowel
what does volvulus mean?
twisting of the bowel
what does intussusception mean?
telescoping of bowels (flip over each other)
3 S/S of a small bowel obstruction?
- fecal emesis
- absent BS
- dehydration (loss of fluid & E+)
4 Tx for small bowel obstruction?
(N.N.I.S)
- NPO
- NG tube
- IV
- Surgery
Where is a large bowel obstruction most common? (multiple choice) A) transverse colon B) ascending colon C) descending colon D) sigmoid colon
D - sigmoid colon
Colon CA (polyps) originates in the epithelial lining of colon/rectum. What are 2 S/S?
- change in bowel habits
- blood/mucus in stools
When is an ileostomy used?
when the colon (lrg bowel) is removed
there are 2 types of an ileostomy; conventional & continent - explain them
conventional - continuous flow; ileum @ surface (liquidy)
continent - catheter into stoma 3/4x a day
