Endocrine system

Question 1

What hormones does the thyroid release?

Answer 1

• T3 & T4

- Calcitonin

Question 2

What is advanced hypothyroidism in children called?

Answer 2

cretinism

Question 3

What is advanced hypothyroidism in adults called?

Answer 3

myxedema

Question 4

5 S/S of hypothyroidism? (everything is SLOWED)

Answer 4

• wt gain
• tired
• cold
• hair loss
• constipation

Question 5

What is the Tx for hypothyroidism?

Answer 5

synthroid

Question 6

What is a common cause of hyperthyroidism?

Answer 6

Grave’s Disease - young women

Question 7

4 S/S of hyperthyroidism? (everything is SPED UP)

Answer 7

• wt loss
• cold
• irregular heart rate
• diarrhea

Question 8

2 Tx for hyperthyroidism?

Answer 8

• radioactive iodine

- surgery

Question 9

The most common cause of goitre is called an ______ goitre

Answer 9

endemic

Question 10

What does IDDM & NIDDM mean?

Answer 10

Non/Insulin Dependent Diabetes Mellitus

Question 11

Type 1 - IDDM is autoimmune & 10% hereditary; Is insulin being produced?

Answer 11

No insulin being produced

Question 12

Type 2 - NIDDM is caused by obesity, stressors, & 90% hereditary. What happens with type 2?

Answer 12

• inadequate am’ts of insulin are made

- the tissue is resistant to insulin

Question 13

Pts with Diabetes Mellitus usually show these 4 symptoms:

(2 are relevant

Answer 13

• polydipsia (thirst)
• polyuria (lrg am’ts of urine)
• glycosuria
• ketoacidosis (cells break down fat/muscle which forms ketones)

Question 14

Tx for Type 1?

Answer 14

transplant

Question 15

List the acute complications of Diabetes: (3)

Answer 15

• hyperglycemia
• hypoglycemia
• ketoacidosis

Question 16

Hyperglycemia is caused by eating too ____, & stress.

Answer 16

much

Question 17

Hypoglycemia is caused by eating too ____, exercising too much, or too much insulin administered. What are 3 S/S?

Answer 17

too little

• sweating
• tremors
• headache

Question 18

Tx for hypoglycemia?

Answer 18

fast sugar - 4oz Orange juice

Question 19

When does ketoacidosis occur? (May lead to death)

Answer 19

Blood glucose levels are too ⬆️ and insulin levels are ⬇️

Question 20

What are Kaussmaul’s respirations?

Answer 20

fruity odor on breath

Question 21

Why might people receive insulin before surgery?

Answer 21

“Surgery is Stress” ⬆️ bld glucose levels interferes with healing & promotes infection