Endocrine system Flashcards
What hormones does the thyroid release?
- T3 & T4
- Calcitonin
What is advanced hypothyroidism in children called?
cretinism
What is advanced hypothyroidism in adults called?
myxedema
5 S/S of hypothyroidism? (everything is SLOWED)
- wt gain
- tired
- cold
- hair loss
- constipation
What is the Tx for hypothyroidism?
synthroid
What is a common cause of hyperthyroidism?
Grave’s Disease - young women
4 S/S of hyperthyroidism? (everything is SPED UP)
- wt loss
- cold
- irregular heart rate
- diarrhea
2 Tx for hyperthyroidism?
- radioactive iodine
- surgery
The most common cause of goitre is called an ______ goitre
endemic
What does IDDM & NIDDM mean?
Non/Insulin Dependent Diabetes Mellitus
Type 1 - IDDM is autoimmune & 10% hereditary; Is insulin being produced?
No insulin being produced
Type 2 - NIDDM is caused by obesity, stressors, & 90% hereditary. What happens with type 2?
- inadequate am’ts of insulin are made
- the tissue is resistant to insulin
Pts with Diabetes Mellitus usually show these 4 symptoms:
(2 are relevant
- polydipsia (thirst)
- polyuria (lrg am’ts of urine)
- glycosuria
- ketoacidosis (cells break down fat/muscle which forms ketones)
Tx for Type 1?
transplant
List the acute complications of Diabetes: (3)
- hyperglycemia
- hypoglycemia
- ketoacidosis
Hyperglycemia is caused by eating too ____, & stress.
much
Hypoglycemia is caused by eating too ____, exercising too much, or too much insulin administered. What are 3 S/S?
too little
- sweating
- tremors
- headache
Tx for hypoglycemia?
fast sugar - 4oz Orange juice
When does ketoacidosis occur? (May lead to death)
Blood glucose levels are too ⬆️ and insulin levels are ⬇️
What are Kaussmaul’s respirations?
fruity odor on breath
Why might people receive insulin before surgery?
“Surgery is Stress” ⬆️ bld glucose levels interferes with healing & promotes infection
