Gastrointestinal System Flashcards
1
Q
an/o
A
anus
2
Q
antr/o
A
antrum
3
Q
cec/o
A
cecum
4
Q
col/o
A
colon
5
Q
duoden/o
A
duodenum
6
Q
enter/o
A
intestines
7
Q
esopha/o
A
esophagus
8
Q
gastr/o
A
stomach
9
Q
ile/o
A
ileum
10
Q
jejun/o
A
jejunum
11
Q
proct/o, rect/o
A
rectum
12
Q
sigmoid/o
A
sigmoid colon
13
Q
stomat/o, or/o
A
mouth
14
Q
appendic/o
A
appendix
15
Q
chiel/o
A
lip
16
Q
chol/e
A
gall, bile
17
Q
cholangi/o
A
bile duct
18
Q
choledoch/o
A
common bile duct
19
Q
diverticul/o
A
diverticulum, or blind pouch extending from a hollow organ (pl. diverticula)
20
Q
gingiv/o
A
gum
21
Q
gloss/o, lingu/o
A
tongue
22
Q
hepato/o
A
liver
23
Q
herni/o
A
hernia, or protrusion of an organ through a body wall. The layman’s term for hernia is rupture. Types include abdominal hernia, hiatal or diaphragmatic hernia, inguinal hernia, and umbilical hernia
24
Q
lapar/o, abdomin/o, celi/o
A
abdomen (abdominal cavity)
25
palat/o
palate
26
pancreat/o
pancreas
27
peritone/o
peritoneum
28
pylor/o
pylorus, pyloric sphincter
29
polyp/o
polyp, small growth
30
sial/o
saliva
31
uvul/o
uvula
32
appendicitis
inflammation of the appendix
33
cholangioma
tumor of the bile duct
34
cholecystitiis
inflammation of the gallbladder
35
choledocholithiasis
condition of stones in the common bile duct
36
cholelithiasis
condition of gallstones
37
diverticulitis
inflammation of the diverticulum
38
diverticulosis
abnormal condition of having diverticula
39
gastritis
inflammation of the stomach
40
gastroenteritis
inflammation of the stomach and intestines
41
gingivitis
inflammation of the gums
42
hepatitis
inflammation of the liver
43
hepatoma
tumor of the liver
44
palatitis
inflammation of the palate
45
pancreatitis
inflammation of the pancreas
46
polyposis
abnormal condition of (multiple) polyps (in the mucous membrane of the intestine, especially the colon, high potential for malignancy)
47
proctoptosis
prolapse of the rectum
48
rectocele
protrusion of the rectum
49
sialolith
salivary stone
50
uvulitis
inflammation of the uvula
51
adhesion
abnormal growing together of two surfaces that normally are separated.
52
anorexia nervosa
psychoneurotic disorder characterized by a prolonged refusal to eat, resulting in emaciation, amenorrhea, and abnormal fear of becoming obese. It occurs primarily in adolescents.
53
bulimia
gorging with food then inducing vomiting
54
cirrhosis
chronic disease of the liver with gradual destruction of cells, most commonly caused by alcoholism
55
Crohn's disease
chronic inflammation usually affecting the ileum and sometimes the colon, characterized by cobblestone ulcerations along the intestinal wall and the formation of scar tissue. It may cause obstruction. Also called regional ileitis or regional enteritis
56
duodenal ulcer
ulcer in the duodenum
57
gastric ulcer
ulcer in the stomach
58
ileus
obstruction of the intestine, often caused by failure of peristalsis
59
intussusception
telescoping of a segment of the intestine
60
irritable bowel syndrome
periodic disturbances of bowel function (diarrhea and/or constipation) usually associated with abdominal pain
61
peptic ulcer
another name for gastric or duodenal ulcer
62
polyp
tumor-like growth extending outward from a mucous membrane. usually benign, common sites are in the nose, throat, and intestines
63
ulcerative colitis
inflammation of the colon with formation of ulcers. The main symptom is diarrhea: as many as 15 to 29 stools per day. An ileostomy may be performed in an attempt to cure the condition
64
volvulus
twisting or kinking of the intestine, causing intestinal obstruction
65
diarrhea
frequent discharge of liquid stool
66
dysentery
disorder that involves inflammation of the intestine associated with diarrhea and abdominal pain
67
feces
waste from the digestive tract expelled through the rectum (also called a bowel movement or stool)
68
flatus
gas in the digestive tract or expelled through the anus
69
gavage
process of feeding a person through a nasogastric tube
70
gastric lavage
washing out of the stomach
71
nausea
urge to vomit
72
vomit
matter expelled from the stomach through the mouth
73
cholangiogram
x-ray film of bile ducts
74
cholecystogram
x-ray film of the gallbladder
75
colonoscopy
visual examination of the colon
76
endoscopy
visual examination within a hollow organ
77
esophagoscopy
visual examination of the esophagus
78
laparoscopy
visual examination of the abdominal cavity
79
gastroscopy
visual examination of the stomach
80
proctoscopy
visual examination of the rectum
81
sigmoidoscopy
visual examination of the sigmoid colon
82
appendectomy
excision of the appendix
83
cholecystectomy
excision of the gallbladder
84
choledocholithotomy
surgical crushing of a stone in the common bile duct
85
colectomy
excision of the colon
86
colostomy
artificial opening through the abdominal wall into the colon
87
diverticulectomy
excision of a diverticulum
88
enterorrhaphy
suture of the intestine
89
esophagogastroplasty
surgical repair of the esophagus and the stomach
90
gastrectomy
excision of the stomach
91
gastrojejunostomy
creation of an artificial opening between the stomach and jejunum
92
gastrostomy
creation of an artificial opening through the abdominal wall into the stomach
93
herniorrhaphy
suturing (to repair)of a hernia
94
ileostomy
creation of an artificial opening through the abdominal wall into the ileum
95
laparotomy
incision into the abdominal wall
