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Gastrointestinal System Flashcards

1
Q

an/o

A

anus

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2
Q

antr/o

A

antrum

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3
Q

cec/o

A

cecum

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4
Q

col/o

A

colon

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5
Q

duoden/o

A

duodenum

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6
Q

enter/o

A

intestines

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7
Q

esopha/o

A

esophagus

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8
Q

gastr/o

A

stomach

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9
Q

ile/o

A

ileum

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10
Q

jejun/o

A

jejunum

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11
Q

proct/o, rect/o

A

rectum

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12
Q

sigmoid/o

A

sigmoid colon

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13
Q

stomat/o, or/o

A

mouth

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14
Q

appendic/o

A

appendix

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15
Q

chiel/o

A

lip

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16
Q

chol/e

A

gall, bile

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17
Q

cholangi/o

A

bile duct

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18
Q

choledoch/o

A

common bile duct

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19
Q

diverticul/o

A

diverticulum, or blind pouch extending from a hollow organ (pl. diverticula)

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20
Q

gingiv/o

A

gum

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21
Q

gloss/o, lingu/o

A

tongue

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22
Q

hepato/o

A

liver

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23
Q

herni/o

A

hernia, or protrusion of an organ through a body wall. The layman’s term for hernia is rupture. Types include abdominal hernia, hiatal or diaphragmatic hernia, inguinal hernia, and umbilical hernia

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24
Q

lapar/o, abdomin/o, celi/o

A

abdomen (abdominal cavity)

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25
Q

palat/o

A

palate

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26
Q

pancreat/o

A

pancreas

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27
Q

peritone/o

A

peritoneum

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28
Q

pylor/o

A

pylorus, pyloric sphincter

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29
Q

polyp/o

A

polyp, small growth

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30
Q

sial/o

A

saliva

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31
Q

uvul/o

A

uvula

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32
Q

appendicitis

A

inflammation of the appendix

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33
Q

cholangioma

A

tumor of the bile duct

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34
Q

cholecystitiis

A

inflammation of the gallbladder

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35
Q

choledocholithiasis

A

condition of stones in the common bile duct

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36
Q

cholelithiasis

A

condition of gallstones

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37
Q

diverticulitis

A

inflammation of the diverticulum

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38
Q

diverticulosis

A

abnormal condition of having diverticula

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39
Q

gastritis

A

inflammation of the stomach

40
Q

gastroenteritis

A

inflammation of the stomach and intestines

41
Q

gingivitis

A

inflammation of the gums

42
Q

hepatitis

A

inflammation of the liver

43
Q

hepatoma

A

tumor of the liver

44
Q

palatitis

A

inflammation of the palate

45
Q

pancreatitis

A

inflammation of the pancreas

46
Q

polyposis

A

abnormal condition of (multiple) polyps (in the mucous membrane of the intestine, especially the colon, high potential for malignancy)

47
Q

proctoptosis

A

prolapse of the rectum

48
Q

rectocele

A

protrusion of the rectum

49
Q

sialolith

A

salivary stone

50
Q

uvulitis

A

inflammation of the uvula

51
Q

adhesion

A

abnormal growing together of two surfaces that normally are separated.

52
Q

anorexia nervosa

A

psychoneurotic disorder characterized by a prolonged refusal to eat, resulting in emaciation, amenorrhea, and abnormal fear of becoming obese. It occurs primarily in adolescents.

53
Q

bulimia

A

gorging with food then inducing vomiting

54
Q

cirrhosis

A

chronic disease of the liver with gradual destruction of cells, most commonly caused by alcoholism

55
Q

Crohn’s disease

A

chronic inflammation usually affecting the ileum and sometimes the colon, characterized by cobblestone ulcerations along the intestinal wall and the formation of scar tissue. It may cause obstruction. Also called regional ileitis or regional enteritis

56
Q

duodenal ulcer

A

ulcer in the duodenum

57
Q

gastric ulcer

A

ulcer in the stomach

58
Q

ileus

A

obstruction of the intestine, often caused by failure of peristalsis

59
Q

intussusception

A

telescoping of a segment of the intestine

60
Q

irritable bowel syndrome

A

periodic disturbances of bowel function (diarrhea and/or constipation) usually associated with abdominal pain

61
Q

peptic ulcer

A

another name for gastric or duodenal ulcer

62
Q

polyp

A

tumor-like growth extending outward from a mucous membrane. usually benign, common sites are in the nose, throat, and intestines

63
Q

ulcerative colitis

A

inflammation of the colon with formation of ulcers. The main symptom is diarrhea: as many as 15 to 29 stools per day. An ileostomy may be performed in an attempt to cure the condition

64
Q

volvulus

A

twisting or kinking of the intestine, causing intestinal obstruction

65
Q

diarrhea

A

frequent discharge of liquid stool

66
Q

dysentery

A

disorder that involves inflammation of the intestine associated with diarrhea and abdominal pain

67
Q

feces

A

waste from the digestive tract expelled through the rectum (also called a bowel movement or stool)

68
Q

flatus

A

gas in the digestive tract or expelled through the anus

69
Q

gavage

A

process of feeding a person through a nasogastric tube

70
Q

gastric lavage

A

washing out of the stomach

71
Q

nausea

A

urge to vomit

72
Q

vomit

A

matter expelled from the stomach through the mouth

73
Q

cholangiogram

A

x-ray film of bile ducts

74
Q

cholecystogram

A

x-ray film of the gallbladder

75
Q

colonoscopy

A

visual examination of the colon

76
Q

endoscopy

A

visual examination within a hollow organ

77
Q

esophagoscopy

A

visual examination of the esophagus

78
Q

laparoscopy

A

visual examination of the abdominal cavity

79
Q

gastroscopy

A

visual examination of the stomach

80
Q

proctoscopy

A

visual examination of the rectum

81
Q

sigmoidoscopy

A

visual examination of the sigmoid colon

82
Q

appendectomy

A

excision of the appendix

83
Q

cholecystectomy

A

excision of the gallbladder

84
Q

choledocholithotomy

A

surgical crushing of a stone in the common bile duct

85
Q

colectomy

A

excision of the colon

86
Q

colostomy

A

artificial opening through the abdominal wall into the colon

87
Q

diverticulectomy

A

excision of a diverticulum

88
Q

enterorrhaphy

A

suture of the intestine

89
Q

esophagogastroplasty

A

surgical repair of the esophagus and the stomach

90
Q

gastrectomy

A

excision of the stomach

91
Q

gastrojejunostomy

A

creation of an artificial opening between the stomach and jejunum

92
Q

gastrostomy

A

creation of an artificial opening through the abdominal wall into the stomach

93
Q

herniorrhaphy

A

suturing (to repair)of a hernia

94
Q

ileostomy

A

creation of an artificial opening through the abdominal wall into the ileum

95
Q

laparotomy

A

incision into the abdominal wall

Perspectives (10 decks)

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