Central Nervous System Flashcards
1
Q
cerebell/o
A
cerebellum
2
Q
cerebr/o
A
cerebrum, brain
3
Q
dur/o
A
hard, dura mater
4
Q
encephal/o
A
brain
5
Q
gangli/o
A
gangliiion
6
Q
mening/i, mening/o
A
meninges
7
Q
myel/o
A
spinal cord
8
Q
neur/o
A
nerve
9
Q
radic/o, radicul/o, rhiz/o
A
nerve root
10
Q
esthesi/o
A
sensation, sensitivity, feeling
11
Q
mon/o
A
one
12
Q
phas/o
A
speech
13
Q
poli/o
A
gray matter
14
Q
psych/o, ment/o, phren/o
A
mind
15
Q
quadr/i
A
four
16
Q
hemi-
A
half
17
Q
pre-
A
before
18
Q
tetra-
A
four
19
Q
-iatry
A
physician, treatment
20
Q
-ictal
A
seizure, attack
21
Q
-paresis
A
slight paralysis
22
Q
cerebellitis
A
inflammation of the cerebellum
23
Q
cerebral thrombosis
A
condition of a blood clot in the cerebrum
24
Q
duritis
A
inflammation of the dura mater
25
encephalitis
inflammation of the brain
26
encephalomalacia
softening of the brain
27
meningitis
inflammation of the meninges
28
meningocele
protrusion of the meninges (through a defect in the skull or vertebral column)
29
neuralgia
pain in a nerve
30
neuroarthropathy
disease of nerves and joints
31
neurasthenia
nerve weakness (nervous exhaustion, fatigue, and weakness)
32
neuritis
inflammation of the nerve
33
neuroblast
developing nerve cell
34
alzheimer's disease
disease characterized by early senility, confusion, loss of recognition of persons or familiar surroundings, and restlessness.
35
amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS)
progressive muscle atrophy caused by hardening of nerve tissue on the lateral columns of the spinal cord. Also called Lou Gehrig's disease.
36
cerebral aneurysm
aneurysm in the cerebrum
37
cerebral palsy (CP)
condition characterized by lack of muscle control and partial paralysis, caused by a brain defect or lesion present at birth or shortly after.
38
cerebrovascular accident (CVA)
interruption of blood supply to the brain caused by a cerebral thrombosis, cerebral embolism,, or cerebral hemorrhage. The patient may experience mild to severe paralysis.
39
epilepsy
disorder in which the main symptom is recurring seizures.
40
hydrocephalus
increased amount of cerebral spinal fluid in the ventricles of the brain, which causes enlargement of the cranium.
41
multiple sclerosis (MS)
degenerative disease characterized by sclerotic patches along the brain and spinal cord.
42
Parkinson's disease
chronic degenerative diseases of the central nervous system. Symptoms include muscle tremors, rigidity, expressionless face, and shuffling gait. It usually occurs after the age of 50.
43
cerebral angiography
process of x-ray filming of the blood vessels in the brain (after an injection of contrast medium)
44
echoencephalography
process of recording brain structures by use of sound (also called ultrasonography)
45
electroencephalogram
record of the electrical impulse of the brain
46
myelogram
x-ray film of the spinal cord (after injection of dye into the spinal fluid that surrounds the spinal cord)
47
computed tomography of the brain
process that includes the use of a computer to produce a series of images of the tissues of the brain at any desired depth. The procedures is noninvasive, painless, and particularly useful in diagnosing brain tumors. Also referred to as a CT scan or CAT scan for computed axial tomography.
48
lumbar puncture (LP)
insertion of a needle into the subarachnoid space between the third and fourth lumbar vertebrae. It is performed for many reasons, including the removal of cerebrospinal fluid for diagnostic purposes.
49
magnetic resonance imaging of the head (MRI)
a noninvasive technique that produces cross-sectional and vertical images of cranial structures by use of magnetic waves. Unlike CT scan, MRI produces images without use of radiation or contrast medium.
50
ataxia
lack of muscle coordination
51
coma
state of profound unconsciousness
52
concussion
violent jarring or shaking that results in an injury. Brain concussions are caused by slight or severe head injury; symptoms include vertigo and loss of consciousness.
53
conscious
awake, alert, aware of one's surroundings.
54
convulsion
sudden, involuntary contraction of a group of muscles.
55
dementia
mental decline
56
gait
a manner or style of walking
57
paraplegia
paralysis from the waist down caused by damage to the lower level of the spinal cord
58
seizure
sudden attack
59
shunt
tube implanted in the body to redirect the flow of a fluid
60
syncope
fainting or sudden loss of consciousness caused by lack of blood supply to the cerebrum.
61
unconsciousness
state of being unaware of surroundings and incapable of responding to stimuli as a result of injury, shock, or illness.
62
monoparesis
slight paralysis of one (limb).
63
monoplegia
paralysis of one (limb).
64
panplegia
total paralysis (also spelled pamplegia)
65
anesthesia
loss of feeling or sensation
66
aphasia
condition of loss or impairment of the ability to speak.
67
hyperesthesia
condition of excessive sensitivity (to stimuli)
68
dysphasia
condition of difficulty in speaking.
69
hemiparesis
slight paralysis of half (right or left side of the body)
70
hemiplegia
paralysis of half (right or left side) of the body; cerebrovascular accident is the most common cause of hemiplegia.
