Gastrointestinal system

Question 1

Gastroenteritis

Answer 1

Inflammation of the stomach and intestines that may be accompanied by vomiting and diarrhea

Question 2

Gastroenteritis nursing management

Answer 2

1. Maintaining adequate hydration status
2. Maintaining skin integrity
3. Relieving anxiety - provide emotional support
4. Promoting rest and comfort
5. Ensuring adequate nutrition
6. Parent education

Question 3

Different types of dehydration

Answer 3

• Isotonic - the patient has lost equal amounts of fluids and electrolytes
• Hypotonic - the child has lost more electrolytes than fluid
• Hypertonic - the child has lost more fluid than electrolytes

Question 4

Gastroenteritis management - Rehydration therapy

Answer 4

• Mild to moderate dehydration: use oral replacement therapy e.g., Pedialyte for infants and young children, Gatorade for older children
• Severe dehydration: use IVF with solution chosen to correct specific imbalances. Child is kept NPO.