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NAT 307 Medical Terminology > Gastrointestinal System > Flashcards

Gastrointestinal System Flashcards

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USMLE® Step 1 flashcards
1
Q

gastr/o

A

stomach

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2
Q

intestin/o

A

intestines

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3
Q

-al

A

pertaining to

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4
Q

abdomin/o

A

abdomen

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5
Q

lapar/o

A

abdomen

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6
Q

celi/o

A

abdomen

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7
Q

mucos/o

A

mucus, mucosa

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8
Q

myx/o

A

mucus, mucosa

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9
Q

peri-

A

surrounding

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10
Q

-stalsis

A

contraction

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11
Q

enter/o

A

small intestine

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12
Q

-logist

A

one who specializes

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13
Q

exo-

A

outside

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14
Q

odont/o

A

teeth

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15
Q

-ist

A

one who specializes

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16
Q

ped/o

A

child or foot

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17
Q

orth/o

A

straight

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18
Q

prosth/o

A

addition

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19
Q

proct/o

A

rectum and anus

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20
Q

or/o

A

mouth, oral cavity

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21
Q

stomat/o

A

mouth, oral cavity

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22
Q

stom/o

A

mouth, oral cavity

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23
Q

cheil/o

A

lips

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24
Q

labi/o

A

lips

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25
Q

bucc/o

A

cheek

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26
Q

gloss/o

A

tongue

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27
Q

lingu/o

A

tongue

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28
Q

palat/o

A

palate

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29
Q

gingiv/o

A

gums

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30
Q

sialaden/o

A

salivary gland

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31
Q

sial/o

A

saliva

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32
Q

par-

A

near

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33
Q

ot/o

A

ear

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34
Q

-id

A

pertaining to

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35
Q

sub-

A

under

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36
Q

mandibul/o

A

lower jaw, mandible

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37
Q

-ar

A

pertaining to

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38
Q

maxill/o

A

upper jaw

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39
Q

pharyng/o

A

throat, pharynx

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40
Q

hypo-

A

below

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41
Q

laryng/o

A

larynx, voice box

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42
Q

esophag/o

A

esophagus

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43
Q

bol/o

A

bolus
(masticated lump of food)

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44
Q

fund/o

A

fundus

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45
Q

corpor/o

A

body, corporis

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46
Q

pylor/o

A

pylorus
(muscle between the stomach and first part of the small intestine)

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47
Q

rug/o

A

rugae
(ridges or wrinkles that line the empty stomach)

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48
Q

dent/i

A

teeth

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49
Q

duoden/o

A

duodenum
(first part of small intestine)

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50
Q

jejun/o

A

jejunum
(second part of the intestine)

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51
Q

ile/o

A

ileum
(distal part of the small intestine)

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52
Q

plic/o

A

fold, plica

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53
Q

vill/o

A

villus

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54
Q

lipid/o

A

lipid, fat

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55
Q

col/o

A

large intestine, colon

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56
Q

colon/o

A

large intestine, colon

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57
Q

cec/o

A

cecum
(first part of large intestine)

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58
Q

appendic/o

A

appendix

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59
Q

append/o

A

appendix

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60
Q

fec/o

A

feces

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61
Q

sigmoid/o

A

sigmoid colon
(S-shaped part of large intestine)

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62
Q

rect/o

A

rectum, straight
(last straight part of the colon)

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63
Q

an/o

A

anus
(the final sphincter in GI tract)

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64
Q

cholecyst/o

A

gallbladder

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65
Q

adnex/o

A

accessory

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66
Q

lob/o

A

lobe

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67
Q

hepat/o

A

liver

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68
Q

diaphrgmat/o

A

diaphragm

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69
Q

phren/o

A

diaphragm

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70
Q

chol/e

A

bile

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71
Q

bil/i

A

bile

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72
Q

cholesterol/o

A

cholesterol

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73
Q

choledoch/o

A

common bile duct

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74
Q

cholangi/o

A

bile vessel

75
Q

-kinin

A

movement substance

76
Q

pancreat/o

A

pancreas

77
Q

-crine

A

to secrete

78
Q

endo-

A

within

79
Q

epiglott/o

A

epilglottis

80
Q

gluc/o

A

glucose, sugar

81
Q

aliment/o

A

nutrition

82
Q

amyl/o

A

starch

83
Q

uvul/o

A

uvula

84
Q

vill/o

A

villus

85
Q

lumin/o

A

lumen
(tubular cavity)

86
Q

dys-

A

abnormal, bad

87
Q

-pepsia

A

digestion condition

88
Q

dyspepsia

A

Indigestion
Feeling of epigastric discomfort that occurs shortly after eating. (nausea, fullness, heartburn, and/or bloating)

89
Q

eructation

A

Burping or belching.
Release of air from the stomach through the mouth. (caused by rapid eating or intentionally or unintentionally swallowing air)

90
Q

halit/o

A

breath

91
Q

-osis

A

abnormal condition

92
Q

halitosis

A

bad smelling breath

93
Q

hemat/o

A

blood

94
Q

-emesis

A

vomiting

95
Q

hematemesis

A

vomiting of blood

96
Q

hiccup

A

hiccough or singultus

Involuntary contraction of the diaphragm, followed by a rapid closure of the glottis.

97
Q

nausea

A

sensation that accompanies the urge to vomit but does not always lead to vomiting.

98
Q

pyrosis

A

heartburn
painful burning sensation in esophagus. (caused by reflux of stomach contents, hyperactivity, or peptic ulcer)

99
Q

pyr/o

A

fire

100
Q

regurgitation

A

return of swallowed food to the mouth

101
Q

vomiting

A

forcible or involuntary emptying of the stomach through the mouth.

102
Q

Constipation

A

infrequent, incomplete, or delayed bowel movements

103
Q

obstipation

A

intractable (difficult to manage) constipation or intestinal obstruction

104
Q

dia-

A

through, complete

105
Q

-rrhea

A

discharge, flow

106
Q

diarrhea

A

abnormal discharge of watery, semisolid stools

107
Q

flatus

A

gas expelled through the anus

108
Q

-chezia

A

conditon of stools

109
Q

hematochezia

A

bright red, frank lower GI bleeding from the rectum that may originate in the distal colon. Passage of bloody stools

110
Q

irritable bowel syndrome (IBS)

A

diarrhea, gas, and/or constipation resulting form stress with no underlying disease

111
Q

melena

A

black, tarry stools
(caused by the pressence of partially digested food)

112
Q

melan/o

A

black

113
Q

a-

A

without

114
Q

-tresia

A

condition of an opening

115
Q

stenosis

A

narrowing

116
Q

aphth/o

A

ulceration

117
Q

-eal

A

pertaining to

118
Q

-ous

A

pertaining to

119
Q

-itis

A

inflammation

120
Q

leuk/o

A

white

121
Q

-plakia

A

condition of patches

122
Q

mal-

A

bad, poor

123
Q

-occlusion

A

condition of closure

124
Q

py/o

A

pus

125
Q

-chalasia

A

condition of relaxation

126
Q

-phagia

A

condition of swallowing, eating

127
Q

re-

A

back

128
Q

-flux

A

flow

129
Q

-algia

A

pain

130
Q

diverticul/o

A

diverticulum

131
Q

fistula

A

abnormal channel between two organs or from an internal organ to the surface of the body.

132
Q

periton/o

A

peritoneum

133
Q

lith/o

A

stones

134
Q

-iasis

A

presence of

135
Q

cirrh/o

A

orange-yellow

136
Q

femor/o

A

femur

137
Q

hiat/o

A

an opening

138
Q

inquin/o

A

groin

139
Q

umbilic/o

A

umbilicus

140
Q

aden/o

A

gland

141
Q

-oma

A

tumor, mass

142
Q

leiomy/o

A

smooth muscle

143
Q

-genic

A

pertaining to, produced by

144
Q

plas/o

A

formation, growth

145
Q

-carcinoma

A

cancerous tumor of epithelial origin

146
Q

cellul/o

A

cell

147
Q

squam/o

A

scaly

148
Q

man/o

A

scanty

149
Q

trans-

A

through

150
Q

son/o

A

sound

151
Q

-occult

A

secrete

152
Q

bar/o

A

weight

153
Q

-iatric

A

pertaining to treatment

154
Q

-ectomy

A

removal

155
Q

-stomy

A

new opening

156
Q

herni/o

A

hernia

157
Q

-rrhaphy

A

suture

158
Q

-ation

A

process of

159
Q

ligat/o

A

tying

160
Q

lys/o

A

breakdown

161
Q

-centesis

A

surgical puncture

162
Q

polyp/o

A

polyp

163
Q

-tomy

A

incison

164
Q

-plasty

A

surgical repair

165
Q

BaS

A

barium swallow

166
Q

BE

A

barium enema

167
Q

BM

A

bowel movement

168
Q

CT scan

A

Computer tomography scan

169
Q

EGD

A

esophagogastroduodenoscopy

170
Q

ERCP

A

endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancdestography

171
Q

GB

A

gallbladder

172
Q

GERD

A

gastroesophageal reflux

173
Q

GGT

A

gamma-glutamyl transferase

174
Q

GI

A

gastrointestinal

175
Q

HAV

A

hepatitis A virus

176
Q

HBV

A

hepatitis C virus

177
Q

IBD

A

inflammatory bowel disease

178
Q

IBS

A

inflammatory bowel syndrome

179
Q

Lap

A

laparoscopy, laparotomy

180
Q

LES

A

lower esophageal sphincter

181
Q

N&V

A

nausea & vomiting

182
Q

PEG

A

percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy

183
Q

PTC

A

percutaneous transhepatic cholangiography

184
Q

PUD

A

peptic ulcer disease

NAT 307 Medical Terminology (13 decks)

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