Gastrointestinal System Flashcards
gastr/o
stomach
intestin/o
intestines
-al
pertaining to
abdomin/o
abdomen
lapar/o
abdomen
celi/o
abdomen
mucos/o
mucus, mucosa
myx/o
mucus, mucosa
peri-
surrounding
-stalsis
contraction
enter/o
small intestine
-logist
one who specializes
exo-
outside
odont/o
teeth
-ist
one who specializes
ped/o
child or foot
orth/o
straight
prosth/o
addition
proct/o
rectum and anus
or/o
mouth, oral cavity
stomat/o
mouth, oral cavity
stom/o
mouth, oral cavity
cheil/o
lips
labi/o
lips
bucc/o
cheek
gloss/o
tongue
lingu/o
tongue
palat/o
palate
gingiv/o
gums
sialaden/o
salivary gland
sial/o
saliva
par-
near
ot/o
ear
-id
pertaining to
sub-
under
mandibul/o
lower jaw, mandible
-ar
pertaining to
maxill/o
upper jaw
pharyng/o
throat, pharynx
hypo-
below
laryng/o
larynx, voice box
esophag/o
esophagus
bol/o
bolus
(masticated lump of food)
fund/o
fundus
corpor/o
body, corporis
pylor/o
pylorus
(muscle between the stomach and first part of the small intestine)
rug/o
rugae
(ridges or wrinkles that line the empty stomach)
dent/i
teeth
duoden/o
duodenum
(first part of small intestine)
jejun/o
jejunum
(second part of the intestine)
ile/o
ileum
(distal part of the small intestine)
plic/o
fold, plica
vill/o
villus
lipid/o
lipid, fat
col/o
large intestine, colon
colon/o
large intestine, colon
cec/o
cecum
(first part of large intestine)
appendic/o
appendix
append/o
appendix
fec/o
feces
sigmoid/o
sigmoid colon
(S-shaped part of large intestine)
rect/o
rectum, straight
(last straight part of the colon)
an/o
anus
(the final sphincter in GI tract)
cholecyst/o
gallbladder
adnex/o
accessory
lob/o
lobe
hepat/o
liver
diaphrgmat/o
diaphragm
phren/o
diaphragm
chol/e
bile
bil/i
bile
cholesterol/o
cholesterol
choledoch/o
common bile duct
cholangi/o
bile vessel
-kinin
movement substance
pancreat/o
pancreas
-crine
to secrete
endo-
within
epiglott/o
epilglottis
gluc/o
glucose, sugar
aliment/o
nutrition
amyl/o
starch
uvul/o
uvula
vill/o
villus
lumin/o
lumen
(tubular cavity)
dys-
abnormal, bad
-pepsia
digestion condition
dyspepsia
Indigestion
Feeling of epigastric discomfort that occurs shortly after eating. (nausea, fullness, heartburn, and/or bloating)
eructation
Burping or belching.
Release of air from the stomach through the mouth. (caused by rapid eating or intentionally or unintentionally swallowing air)
halit/o
breath
-osis
abnormal condition
halitosis
bad smelling breath
hemat/o
blood
-emesis
vomiting
hematemesis
vomiting of blood
hiccup
hiccough or singultus
Involuntary contraction of the diaphragm, followed by a rapid closure of the glottis.
nausea
sensation that accompanies the urge to vomit but does not always lead to vomiting.
pyrosis
heartburn
painful burning sensation in esophagus. (caused by reflux of stomach contents, hyperactivity, or peptic ulcer)
pyr/o
fire
regurgitation
return of swallowed food to the mouth
vomiting
forcible or involuntary emptying of the stomach through the mouth.
Constipation
infrequent, incomplete, or delayed bowel movements
obstipation
intractable (difficult to manage) constipation or intestinal obstruction
dia-
through, complete
-rrhea
discharge, flow
diarrhea
abnormal discharge of watery, semisolid stools
flatus
gas expelled through the anus
-chezia
conditon of stools
hematochezia
bright red, frank lower GI bleeding from the rectum that may originate in the distal colon. Passage of bloody stools
irritable bowel syndrome (IBS)
diarrhea, gas, and/or constipation resulting form stress with no underlying disease
melena
black, tarry stools
(caused by the pressence of partially digested food)
melan/o
black
a-
without
-tresia
condition of an opening
stenosis
narrowing
aphth/o
ulceration
-eal
pertaining to
-ous
pertaining to
-itis
inflammation
leuk/o
white
-plakia
condition of patches
mal-
bad, poor
-occlusion
condition of closure
py/o
pus
-chalasia
condition of relaxation
-phagia
condition of swallowing, eating
re-
back
-flux
flow
-algia
pain
diverticul/o
diverticulum
fistula
abnormal channel between two organs or from an internal organ to the surface of the body.
periton/o
peritoneum
lith/o
stones
-iasis
presence of
cirrh/o
orange-yellow
femor/o
femur
hiat/o
an opening
inquin/o
groin
umbilic/o
umbilicus
aden/o
gland
-oma
tumor, mass
leiomy/o
smooth muscle
-genic
pertaining to, produced by
plas/o
formation, growth
-carcinoma
cancerous tumor of epithelial origin
cellul/o
cell
squam/o
scaly
man/o
scanty
trans-
through
son/o
sound
-occult
secrete
bar/o
weight
-iatric
pertaining to treatment
-ectomy
removal
-stomy
new opening
herni/o
hernia
-rrhaphy
suture
-ation
process of
ligat/o
tying
lys/o
breakdown
-centesis
surgical puncture
polyp/o
polyp
-tomy
incison
-plasty
surgical repair
BaS
barium swallow
BE
barium enema
BM
bowel movement
CT scan
Computer tomography scan
EGD
esophagogastroduodenoscopy
ERCP
endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancdestography
GB
gallbladder
GERD
gastroesophageal reflux
GGT
gamma-glutamyl transferase
GI
gastrointestinal
HAV
hepatitis A virus
HBV
hepatitis C virus
IBD
inflammatory bowel disease
IBS
inflammatory bowel syndrome
Lap
laparoscopy, laparotomy
LES
lower esophageal sphincter
N&V
nausea & vomiting
PEG
percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy
PTC
percutaneous transhepatic cholangiography
PUD
peptic ulcer disease
