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NCM 116: Gastro-Intestinal, Metabolism and Endocrine > Gastrointestinal Disorder (Part 3) > Flashcards

Gastrointestinal Disorder (Part 3) Flashcards

1
Q

inflammation of the narrow tube attached to the base of the cecum.

A

Appendicitis

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2
Q

can cause
appendicitis

A

A blockage inside of the appendix

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3
Q

The main symptom____________________abdomen that gets worse over time

A

lower
right side

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4
Q
  • The appendix is a small, thin pouch about
A

5 to 10cm (2 to 4
inches) long

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5
Q

It is typically cause d by direct (appendicitis) _________________________ and secondary to _________________

A

direct luminal obstruction; secondary to a faecolith or lymphoid hyperplasia,

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6
Q

Risk Factors
Appendicitis

A

Low-fiber diet
● High intake of refined carbohydrates

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7
Q

Abdominal pain that is most intense at (appendicitis)

A

McBurney’s
point

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8
Q

Patient’s guarding position (s/s)

A

Client in side-lying position, with abdominal guarding
and legs flexed

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9
Q

Pregnancy test. performed for women of
childbearing age to rule out

A

ectopic pregnancy and
before x-rays are obtained.

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10
Q

Protein produced by the liver
when bacterial infections occur and rapidly increases
within the first 12 hours.

What test/

A

C-reactive protein

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11
Q

Abdominal plain film showing radiopaque tubular
structure around the ileocecal junction in the right
lower quadrant

What test?

A

CT barium Scan

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12
Q

abdomen confirmed the
right psoas muscle abscess, which was caused by
perforated appendicitis into the retroperitoneum

What test?

A

Contrast-enhanced CT

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13
Q

test that palpates the lower left quadrant for appendicitis?

A

Rovsing’s signs

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14
Q

PHARMACOLOGIC INTERVENTION for appendicitis

A

Lactated Ringer’s solution 100–500 mL/hr of IV,
Antibiotics (broad-spectrum antibiotic coverage)

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15
Q

DOCUMENTATION
for appendicitis

PARL

A

Patient’s ability to ambulate and tolerate food
Appearance of abdominal incision (color, temperature,
intactness, drainage)
Response to pain medication, ice applications, and
position changes
Location, intensity, frequency, and duration of pain
● Response to pain medication, ice applications, an

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16
Q

Most important nursing responsibilities for patients with appendicities

A

DO NOT APPLY HEAT TO THE
ABDOMEN – could LEAD TO RUPTURE

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17
Q

Postoperative Nursing Diagnosis
appendectom

A

Risk for infection related to the surgical incision

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18
Q

If ruptured of appendix occurred, expect a

A

Penrose
drain to be inserted

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19
Q

Expect that drainage from the Penrose drain maybe
profuse for the first

A

2 hours.

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20
Q

COMPLICATIONS OF APPENDICITIS
APP

A

abscess
perforation of the appendix
● Peritonitis

21
Q

chronic digestive and immune
disorder that damages the small intestine

A

Celiac disease

22
Q

Gluten is a protein found naturally in wheat,
barley, and rye, and is common in foods such as

A

bread, pasta, cookies, and cakes.

23
Q

The pathogenesis of disease involves interactions
between

A

environmental, genetic, and immunologic
factors.

24
Q

DIAGNOSTICS
4 MARKERS FOR CELIAC DISEAS

CTED

A
  1. Celiac Disease Tests
  2. Tissue TransGlutaminase (tTG) immunoglobulin A
    (IgA) and tTG immunoglobulin G (IgG)
  3. EndoMysial Antibody (EMA) -IgA test.
  4. Deamidated Gliadin Peptide (DGP) -IgA and
    DGP-IgG tests.
25
Q

Facilitate tissue repair by ensuring food supplements
are high in

A

calories and vitamins A and C and iron.

26
Q

runs in families about _____ in HIRSCHSPRUNG DISEASE

A

20% of the time.

27
Q

HIRSCHSPRUNG DISEASE also known as

A

Congenital Aganglionic Megacolon

28
Q

characterized by chronic
constipation caused by mechanical intestinal
obstruction.

A

Congenital Aganglionic Megacolon,

29
Q

A surgical opening created on the surface of the
abdomen to allow stool (waste) to exit the body rather
than through the rectum.

A

COLOSTOMY AND ILEOSTOMY

30
Q

Different types of Colostomy
DATS a Colostomy

A

Descending Colostomy
Ascending Colostomy
Transverse Colostomy
Sigmoid Colostomy

31
Q

: type of transverse colostomy
where there is the creation of two stomas which
divide the bowel.

A

Double-barrel ostomy: t

32
Q

a type of colectomy that removes part of the colon

A

HARTMANN’S PROCEDURE.

33
Q

a type of colectomy that removes part of the colon
and sometimes rectum

A

(proctosigmoidectomy).

34
Q

The
remaining rectum is sealed, creating what is known as

A

Hartmann’s pouch.

35
Q

Position (Ileostomy vs Colostomy)

A

RLQ (Ileo)
LLQ (Colos)

36
Q

Ileostomy: will always have

A

ave liquid stool. (RLQ)

37
Q

Difference between different types of Colostomy

A

Ascending: liquid stool
Transverse: lose to partly formed stool
Descending/Sigmoid: similar to normal consistency

38
Q

Post-op Nursing Care:Ostomies will SHOULD ALWAYS look

A

pink or red
and be moist/shiny.

39
Q

Notify MD if stoma is: pale pink patient (may have a

A

low hgb and hct)

40
Q

Ileostomy: drainage is dark green and then turns yellow when

A

patient starts to eat.

41
Q

A _____________ will be over the stoma to keep the stoma
moist, and then a sterile dry dressing
until pouching system in place

A

A petroleum gauze

42
Q

Colostomy: may pass mucous stool at first….stool will be
liquid at first and then progress to what it should look like
depending on its location. It can take up to

A

o 2 days before stool
is produced.

43
Q

Be sure to measure the stoma and cut the
opening of the skin barrier to be

A

1/8” LARGER than the stoma.

44
Q

Use caution and eat small amounts or completely avoid
foods that are not completely digestible:

A

Corn, celery, peas, coleslaw, popcorn, nuts and
seeds, raisins, skin of fruits, raw mushrooms and
pineapple etc,

45
Q

COMMON CAUSES OF PERISTOMAL SKIN DAMAGE

LPPSSS

A

Leakage: Healthy skin exposed to fecal or urine output under
the skin barrier can breakdown fast.
Pressure: Belts and some clothing may cause pressure on the
stoma area.

45
Q

COMMON CAUSES OF PERISTOMAL SKIN DAMAGE

LPPSSS

A

Leakage:
Pressure:
Pouching system:
Stoma size: E
Skin folds or creases,
Skin stripping or friction

46
Q

NURSING CARE PLANS FOR COLOSTOMY AND ILEOSTOMY

A

Risk For Impaired Skin Integrity Care Plan
DISTURBED BODY IMAGE CARE PLAN

47
Q

major physical change that can result
in psychological distress and affect the patient’s
self-confidence and relationships.

A

ostomy

NCM 116: Gastro-Intestinal, Metabolism and Endocrine (6 decks)

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