Gastrointestinal Buzzwords Flashcards
Gingival hypertrophy or gingivectomy/biting on own gums?
Side effect of CCBs or phenytoin
Bird beak appearance (and distended oesophagus)?
Achalasia; if in lower GI imaging, it is a sign of bowel obstruction
Grey Turner’s (lumbar redness) and Cullen’s sign (umbilical redness)?
Pancreatitis (acute)
Positive Murphy’s sign?
Cholecystitis
Pale stools, jaundice and abdominal pain?
Biliary obstruction
Abdominal distension, caput medusae and shifting dullness?
Portal hypertension + ascites
Pyoderma gangrenosum, erythema nodosum?
Crohn’s/UC (more common in UC)
Tinkling bowel sounds?
Bowel obstruction
Vesicular rash + weight loss?
Coeliac disease
Virchow’s node (left supra-clavicular)?
Gastric cancer
Urea breath test?
H. pylori
C breath test?
H. pylori
Bacterial overgrowth tests?
Glycocholate breath test
Culture of duodenal aspirate
PBC?
Presence of A-MA
AIH?
Presence of A-SMA, A-NA and anti-LKM antibodies
Alfa feto protein assay?
Hepatocellular carcinoma
Cobblestone mucosa (deep fissuring ulceration)?
Crohn’s disease
Diuretic for ascites?
Spironolactone
Corkscrew oesophagus?
Diffuse oesophageal spasm
Severe abdominal pain + diarrhoea and vomiting after raw milk?
Campylobacter
Russell’s sign?
Self-induced vomiting
Mallory’s hyaline bodies?
Alcoholic liver disease (acute hepatitis) and chronic active hepatitis
Crypt abscesses / cryptitis?
UC/Crohn’s but more common in UC
Onion-skinning fibrosis and beading of bile ducts?
PSC
Signet-ring cells seen on biopsy?
Diffuse type gastric cancer (can cause linitis plastica)
Thumb-printing on AXR, commonly at splenic flexure?
Ischaemic colitis
Charcot’s triad?
For cholangitis:
Fever
RUQ pain
Jaundice
Causes of abdominal masses?
A CHEMICAL:
AAA
Crohn's Hernia Enlarged colon Malignancy Intussusception Cysts/abscesses Appendicitis Lymphadenopathy
Causes of bowel obstruction?
BATH VIPS:
Bolus
Adhesions
Tumour
Hernia
Volvulus
Intussusception
Pseudo-obstruction (Ogilvie’s)
Stricture
