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Clinical > Gastrointestinal Buzzwords > Flashcards

Gastrointestinal Buzzwords Flashcards

1
Q

Gingival hypertrophy or gingivectomy/biting on own gums?

A

Side effect of CCBs or phenytoin

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2
Q

Bird beak appearance (and distended oesophagus)?

A

Achalasia; if in lower GI imaging, it is a sign of bowel obstruction

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3
Q

Grey Turner’s (lumbar redness) and Cullen’s sign (umbilical redness)?

A

Pancreatitis (acute)

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4
Q

Positive Murphy’s sign?

A

Cholecystitis

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5
Q

Pale stools, jaundice and abdominal pain?

A

Biliary obstruction

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6
Q

Abdominal distension, caput medusae and shifting dullness?

A

Portal hypertension + ascites

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7
Q

Pyoderma gangrenosum, erythema nodosum?

A

Crohn’s/UC (more common in UC)

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8
Q

Tinkling bowel sounds?

A

Bowel obstruction

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9
Q

Vesicular rash + weight loss?

A

Coeliac disease

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10
Q

Virchow’s node (left supra-clavicular)?

A

Gastric cancer

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11
Q

Urea breath test?

A

H. pylori

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12
Q

C breath test?

A

H. pylori

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13
Q

Bacterial overgrowth tests?

A

Glycocholate breath test

Culture of duodenal aspirate

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14
Q

PBC?

A

Presence of A-MA

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15
Q

AIH?

A

Presence of A-SMA, A-NA and anti-LKM antibodies

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16
Q

Alfa feto protein assay?

A

Hepatocellular carcinoma

17
Q

Cobblestone mucosa (deep fissuring ulceration)?

A

Crohn’s disease

18
Q

Diuretic for ascites?

A

Spironolactone

19
Q

Corkscrew oesophagus?

A

Diffuse oesophageal spasm

20
Q

Severe abdominal pain + diarrhoea and vomiting after raw milk?

A

Campylobacter

21
Q

Russell’s sign?

A

Self-induced vomiting

22
Q

Mallory’s hyaline bodies?

A

Alcoholic liver disease (acute hepatitis) and chronic active hepatitis

23
Q

Crypt abscesses / cryptitis?

A

UC/Crohn’s but more common in UC

24
Q

Onion-skinning fibrosis and beading of bile ducts?

A

PSC

25
Q

Signet-ring cells seen on biopsy?

A

Diffuse type gastric cancer (can cause linitis plastica)

26
Q

Thumb-printing on AXR, commonly at splenic flexure?

A

Ischaemic colitis

27
Q

Charcot’s triad?

A

For cholangitis:
Fever
RUQ pain
Jaundice

28
Q

Causes of abdominal masses?

A

A CHEMICAL:

AAA

Crohn's
Hernia
Enlarged colon
Malignancy
Intussusception
Cysts/abscesses
Appendicitis
Lymphadenopathy
29
Q

Causes of bowel obstruction?

A

BATH VIPS:

Bolus
Adhesions
Tumour
Hernia

Volvulus
Intussusception
Pseudo-obstruction (Ogilvie’s)
Stricture

Clinical (54 decks)

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