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EOY3 > Gastrointestinal > Flashcards

Gastrointestinal Flashcards

1
Q

leukonychia

A

white spots on nails

- hypoalbuminaemia or CLD

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2
Q

kiloonychia

A

spooning on nails

- iron deficiency e.g. due to GI bleed

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3
Q

nail clubbing

A
  • IBD, cirrhosis, lymphoma, coeliacs disease
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4
Q

tendon xanthomata, corneal arcus and xanthelasma

A
  • hyperlipidaemia e.g. due to PBC, cholestasis
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5
Q

Dupuytren’s contracture

A
  • CLD, DM, heavy labour, trauma, phenytoin, familial
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6
Q

palmar erythema

A
  • CLD, pregnancy, hyperthyroidism, RA
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7
Q

pale palmar creases and conjunctival pallor

A
  • anaemia
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8
Q

Flapping/Hepatic Tremor

A
  • hepatic encephalopathy, respiratory/ renal failure
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9
Q

Bruising

A
  • CLD due to thrombocytopenia, clotting factors, falls
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10
Q

IVDU marks

A
  • risk of hepatitis B&C

hep A more travel related

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11
Q

Cushingoid

A

(moon face, acne, hirsute)

- alcohol excess

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12
Q

angular stomatitis and glossitis

A
  • iron/folate/B12 deficiency
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13
Q

Fetor hepatitis

A

(musty, sweet odour of the breath)

- hepatic failure

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14
Q

mouth ulcers, episcleritis and conjuctivitus

A
  • associated with IBD
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15
Q

gynaecomastia

A
  • CLD, testicular failure, drugs
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16
Q

loss of secondary hair

17
Q

spider naevir

A
  • > 5 suggests CLD
18
Q

bruising on abdomen due to pancreatitis

A

CULLEN’S - central/front

GREY-TURNERS - flank

19
Q

signs of peritonitis

A

rebound tenderness

guarding

20
Q

shifting dullness

A

> 1/5L of ascites

21
Q

erythema nodosum and pyoderma gangrenosum

22
Q

right hypochondriac pain DDx

A 
gallstones
hepatitis
ascending cholangitis 
cardiac and lung causes
peptic ulcer disease
23
Q

epigastric pain DDx

A

MI, pneumonia
oesophagitis
peptic ulcer disease
epigastric hernias

24
Q

left hypochondriac pain DDx

A

splenomegaly
spleen abscess/ rupture
peptic ulcer disease
lung and cardiac

25
Q

right lumbar pain DDx

A 
ureteric colic 
pyelonephritis 
UTI
kidney stones 
constipation
26
Q

umbilical pain DDx

A 
early appendicitis 
ruptured AAA
pancreatitis 
IBD
Meckel's diverticulum
27
Q

left lumbar pain DDx

A 
diverticulitis 
ureteric colic 
pyelonephritis 
UTI
kidney stones 
constipation
28
Q

right iliac fossa pain DDx

A 
late appendicitis
ovarian torsion/ cyst 
ectopic pregnancy 
caecum obstruction 
Crohn's disease
inguinal and femoral hernias (strangulated)
29
Q

hypogastric pain DDx

A

testicular torsion
urinary retention
cystitis
placental abruption

30
Q

left iliac fossa pain DDx

A 
diverticular disease
IBD
ovarian torsion/ cyst 
ectopic pregnancy 
caecum obstruction 
Crohn's disease
inguinal and femoral hernias (strangulated)

EOY3 (20 decks)

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