Gastrointestinal Flashcards
Ranitidine
Zantac
H2 receptor blocker
H2 blockers work by blocking the histamine receptors in acid-producing cells in the stomach
30mins to work
Calcium carbonate
Rennie, remegel, antaxid (5 mins to work)
Magnesium hydroxide
Milk of magnesia (5 mins to work)
Omeprazole
- Proton pump inhibitor (take 1 day to work). Shuts down proton pump in the stomach
- Nexium
Famotidine
- H2 Blocker
- Pepcid,
- take about 30 mins to work
Esomeprazole
- Omeprazole has both R and S versions of the molecule but only the S version works. This is just the S version
- Proton pump inhibitor
- Take a day to work
Bismuth Subsalicylate (Pepto Bismol)
Anti-diarrheals
Loperamide
- Imodium
- Lowers perastalsis
Docusate Sodium
- Laxative
- Stool softener
- Colace (improves the Colon’s pace)
- Often used with patients taking opiods
Polyethylene Glycol (Macrogol)
- osmotic laxative
- Movicol/miralax
- Bulks stool and stimulates colonic contraction
Peptac/Gaviscon
Sodium alginate and calcium carbonate
Sodium alginate forms a raft which floats to the top of the stomach on the CO2 released by the calcium carbonate and acid reacting
Lansoprazole
- Proton pump inhibitor
- Takes a day to work
- Works a bit better than omeprazole.
Senna
Senna contains sennosides which acts as a stimulant laxative. It works by irritating and stimulating intestinal cells, producing contractions in intestines, water influx to the intestines and bowel movement.
Bisacodyl
- Dulcolax
- Causes colonic contractiosn but may take 12 hours to work
Ondanestron
- Zofran
- Ondansetron is in a class of medications called serotonin 5-HT3 receptor antagonists. It works by blocking the action of serotonin, a natural substance that may cause nausea and vomiting.
Promethazine
- Phenergan
- Antiemetic
- Antihistamine with some anticholinergic effects which they think are what reduces nausea
