Diabetes Type 2

Question 1

Metformin (what does it do, brand name and OARs)

Answer 1

Reduces insulin resistance
Reduces glucose production by the liver
Glucophage
OARs: Transient refractive shifts while serum glucose levels stabilize.

Question 2

Gliclazide

Answer 2

Sulphonylurea which stimulates beta cells to increase insulin. Only work in newly diagnosed patients.
May cause: weight gain and hypoglycaemia

Question 3

Glitazones

Answer 3

Reduce insulin resistance but can damage liver. Think of alcohol in the glitterzones, damaging the liver.

Question 4

Pioglitazone

Answer 4

Glitazone

Question 5

Empagliflozin

Answer 5

Glitazone

Question 6

Canagliflozin

Answer 6

Glitazone

Question 7

Nateglinide

Answer 7

Meglitinide
Increases secretion of insulin
Have a rapid onset and shorter duration than sulphonylureas

Question 8

Repaglinide

Answer 8

Meglitinide
Increases secretion of insulin
Have a rapid onset and shorter duration than sulphonylureas

Question 9

Glibenclamide

Answer 9

SUs

Question 10

Alogliptin

Answer 10

DPP4 inhibitors
Used in conjunction with metformin
Does not cause hypoglycaemia or weight gain

Question 11

Linagliptin

Answer 11

DPP4 inhibitors
Used in conjunction with metformin
Does not cause hypoglycaemia or weight gain