Gastrointestinal Flashcards
Which OTC antacids are used for acid reflux?
Tums, Rolaids, Maalox, and Gaviscon
Which H2 blockers are there? (3 no Rx needed, 1 RX required)
Famotidine (Pepcid), Ranitidine (Zantac), and Cimetidine (Tagamet)
RX only- Nizatadine (Axid)
Which H2 blocker is a CYP450 enzyme inhibitor that also gives HA and gynecomastia as a side effect?
Cimetidine
What are the PPI drugs? (7)
Omeprazole (Losec), Esomeprazole (Nexium), Pantoprazole Sodium (Pantoloc), Pantoprazole Magnesium (Tecta), Rabeprazole (Pariet), Lansoprazole (Prevacid), and Dexlansoprazole (Dexilant)
Which two PPI’s are available OTC?
Omeprazole and Esomeprazole
Which PPI has an IV formulation?
Pantoprazole Sodium
Which PPI is available ODT?
Lansoprazole
Which part of the digestive system is affected in colitis?
Any part of large intestine and rectum causing damage to inner lining only
Which part of digestive system is affected in Crohn’s?
Any part of GI tract from mouth to anus and inflammation can reach outer lining
What type of disease is IBD?
Autoimmune Disease
What type of disorder is IBS?
Neurogastrointestinal disorder
What are the GI NSAID’s? (2)
Aminosalicylates (5-ASA) which are Sulfasalazine (Salazopyrin) and Mesalazine aka Mesalamine (Pentasa, Mezavant, Mezera, Octasa, Salofalk)
What are the GI SAID’s? (5)
Prednisone (winpred), Prednisolone (Pediapred), Betamethasone disodium phosphate rectal enema (Betnesol), Budesonide rectal enema (Entocort), and Hydrocortisone rectal enema (Cortenema)
What are the immunosuppressants? (4)
Methotrexate, Azathioprine, Cyclosporine, Tacrolimus
What are the biologics? (7)
Etanercept (Enbrel), adalimumab (Humira), golimumab (Simponi), infliximab (Remicade), certolizumab (Cimzia), vedolizumab (Entyvio), and Ustekinumab (Stelara)
What are some OTC anti-diarrheals? (2)
Bismuth subsalicylate (Pepto-Bismol, Kaopectate) and Loperamide (Imodium)
What is the dosing for Pepto? How many days can it be taken in a row?
30ml (or 2 tabs) q 30 mins up to 8 times/day. Do not take for more than 2 days
What is the dosing for loperamide? Is it an opioid?
Yes its an opioid but has low addictive potential. Dose is 4mg (2 tabs) then 2mg every 4-6 hours after each loose bowel movement. Max 16mg/day (8 tabs)
What medication is by prescription for diarrhea?
Diphenoxylate Atropine (Lomotil)
Why is lomotil on prescription?
It is a narcotic with abuse potential. It has the atropine to cause dry mouth to deter people from abusing it
What antibiotics are used for travellers diarrhea? (2)
Ciprofloxacin (a fluoroquinolone) and Azithromycin (a macrolide)
What are some OTC meds for nausea and vomiting?
Ginger, antiemetics like pepto, antihistamines, dimenhydrinate (Gravol)
What are the dopamine receptor antagonists for nausea? (2)
Metoclopramide (Maxeran, Reglan) and Domperidone (Motilium)
Which Dopamine receptor antagonist crosses the BBB and which doesn’t?
Metoclopramide crosses the BBB and domperidone does not
