Gastroenteritis and Typhoid Flashcards
Explain what microbe dependence is and why it is important:
- Evolved from primitive forms that rely on exchange of materials w/the outside world (e.g. water and nutrients).
- Gastrointestinal tract mouth–>anus allows us to engage with microbes.
What is the small intestine lined with?
Villi
Is the large intestine folded or smooth?
Folded - also has villi (but not as convoluted.
What are villi? What is the function of villi?
- High SA/V
- Function: absorbs fats and other nutrients directly into the bloodstream.
What are mucosal tissues guarded by?
- The immune system.
What is the area under epithelial cells that is filled with immune cells called?
Lumince propria
What is the peyer’s patch?
Anatomically different structures, congregates of immune cells you can see by the eye.
What is the role of the Lumince Propria and and the Peyer’s Patch?
Ensure any microbe is responded to, eliminated, and prevented from traveling further into the body.
True or false, the intestine is full of immune cells?
True.
What are the five things that a healthy gastrointestinal microbiota is important for?
- Digestion
- Maintaining integrity of mucosal barriers
- Immune system development and homeostasis
- Brain and heart health
Weight control
What are the causes of gastroenteritis?
Bacteria: salmonella
Viruses: Norovirus
Parasites: Giardia intestinalis
What is gastroenteritis?
- Inflammation of the gastrointestinal tract (infectious and non-infectious)
What are the symptoms of gastroenteritis?
- Diarrhea
- vomitting,
- cramping
- fever
How does someone contract gastroenteritis?
- Faecal-oral route
How is gastroenteritis treated?
- Involves rehydration.
- 2 billion cases per year, 73 million deaths.