Gastro Flashcards
Common Gl Conditions
GERD, PUD, Constipation, Diarrhea, Nausea, IBD
GERD stands for
GASTROINTESTINAL REFLUX DISEASE
PUD stands for
Peptic ulcer disease
IBD stands for
Inflammatory Bowel Disease
big colons, large intestines
Ulcerative colitis
all of your digestive tract mostly on small intestines. They are patches, Has small blood streaks on tools
Crohn’s Disease
talks about the acidity lvl of stomach due to increase of acid level
Gastritis
Drugs for Acid-Related Disorders
Proton Pump Inhibitors
H2 Receptor Antagonists
Antacids
Mucosal Protectants
examples of Proton Pump Inhibitors
omeprazole, pantoprazole, lansoprazole, rabeprazole
examples of H2 Receptor Antagonists
ranitidine, Cimetidine, famotidine,
nizatidine
examples of Antacids
aluminum hydroxide, calcium carbonate, magnesium
hydroxide
examples of Mucosal Protectants
sucralfate
action of H2- ANTAGONIST
Block the release of histamine. Histamine is found in mast cells within Gl mucosa and causes secretion of gastric acid and pepsin when it binds with H2 receptors in the mucosal parietal cells
action of Proton Pump Inhibitors
prevents the transport of H
ions into the gastric lumen by binding to gastric parietal cells to decrease gastric acid production
action of Mucosal Protectant
Promotes healing of ulcers by providing a barrier over them. It creates a paste when exposed to hydrochloric acid and binds to proteins that are excreted by damaged cells in ulcerated tissue
action of Antacids
Neutralize gastric acidity by reacting with HCI to form water and
salts
types of laxatives
Bulk-forming
stimulant
osmotic
stool softeners/surfactant
examples of Bulk Forming Laxatives
Methylcellulose, Psyllium, Polycarbophil
action of Bulk Forming Laxatives
Are nondigestible, causing them to swell in water and form a gel which both softens and bulks up the stool. As the stool becomes larger, peristalsis is stimulated moving the stool through the intestine
examples of Surfactant Laxatives
Docusate Sodium, Docusate calcium
action of Surfactant Laxatives
Lower the surface tension of
stool causing more water to be absorbed into it. This softens the stool, making it easier for it to pass
examples of Stimulant Laxatives
Bisacodyl, Castor oil, Senna
preps
action of Stimulant Laxatives
Stimulate intestinal motility
and increase water reabsorption in the colon
examples of Osmotic Laxatives
Polyethylene-glycol, Magnesium hydroxide, magnesium sulfate, magnesium citrate, Lactulose
action of Osmotic Laxatives
Draws water into the
intestine causing stool to soften and enlarge, stimulating peristalsis. could cause dehydration
examples of Antidiarrheals
Loperamide,
Diphenoxylate and atropine (lomotil),
difenoxin, paregoric
action of Antidiarrheals
Opioid derivatives. Activate
opioid receptors in the GI tract, decrease intestinal motility, slow down GI tract
list the Antiemetics
Serotonin Antagonists
Dopamine Antagonists
Antihistamines
Anticholinergics
examples of Serotonin Antagonists
Ondansetron, granisetron,
dolasetron, palonosetron
action of Serotonin Antagonists
Prevent serotonin from
vagal stimulation from causing
nausea
examples of Dopamine Antagonists
Promethazine,
Chlorpromazine, metoclopramide
action of Dopamine Antagonists
Block dopamine receptors in
the area of the brain responsible for nausea
