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General Surgery - Upper GI > Gastric Cancer > Flashcards

Gastric Cancer Flashcards

1
Q

What is the most common cause of gastric cancer?

A

H. pylori

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2
Q

What is gastric cancer?

A

Cancer that is found on the lining of the stomach

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3
Q

What is the most common type of gastric cancer?

A

Gastric carcinoma

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4
Q

What is the meaning of a carcinoma?

A

A type of cancer that develops from the epithelial cells

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5
Q

What is used for the diagnosis?

A

Endoscopic biopsy

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6
Q

What are the signs and symptoms?

A
  • Typically asymptomatic or nonspecific
  • When presenting often severe or late presentation
  • indigestion
  • abdominal discomfort
  • loss of appetite
  • vomiting
  • melena
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7
Q

What protects women from gastric cancer?

A

estrogen

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8
Q

What are the main causes of gastric cancer?

A
  • H. pylori
  • EBV
  • Smoking
  • Obesity
  • Family history
  • Smoked foods, processed meats, pickled vegetables
  • DM
  • pernicious anaemia
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9
Q

What is the process of diagnosis?

A
  • Endoscopic biopsy
  • barium swallow
  • CT - metastasis
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10
Q

What is the most common type of gastric cancer?

A

Adenocarcinoma - aggressive

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11
Q

What are the other types

A
  • Lymphatic - MALTomas
  • Carcinoid
  • Stromal
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12
Q

How is staging determined?

A

By the extent it invades the lining of the GI tract

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13
Q

What is used to prevent gastric cancer?

A

H. pylori eradication

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14
Q

What are the treatment options for gastric cancer?

A
  1. chemotherapy
  2. radiation
  3. surgery
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15
Q

What surgery is done for early tumours?

A

endoscopic mucosal resection

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16
Q

What are the chemotherapy drugs used for gastric cancer?

A
  • Flouroucil
  • Doxorubicin
  • Cisplatin
  • ## mitomycin C
17
Q

What is the treatment for proximal lesions?

A
  • Total gastrectomy

- esophagojejunostomy

18
Q

What is the treatment for distal lesions?

A
  • Distal gastrectomy
19
Q

What is the treatment for MALT - H. pylori lesions?

A
  • H. pylori eradication
  • chemotherapy
  • radiation
20
Q

What are METASTIC signs of gastric cancer?

A
  • Virchow’s node
  • Blumer’s Shelf
  • Krukenberg tumour
  • Sister Mary Joseph node
21
Q

What is a Sister Mary Joeseph Node?

A
  • Metastasis to a umbilical node
22
Q

What is a Virchow’s Node?

A

left clavicular node metastasis

23
Q

What is a Krukenberg tumour?

A

Metastasis to the ovary

24
Q

What is a Blumer’s Shelf?

A

Mass in the Pouch of Douglas

General Surgery - Upper GI (4 decks)

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