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SRNAChem&Physics > Gases and Work > Flashcards

Gases and Work Flashcards

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1
Q

Pressure

A

W = Pressure/Area (P/A)

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2
Q

SI units for volume

A

m^3

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3
Q

1 m^3 = _____L

A

1000L

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4
Q

Work (W) cylinder

A

P x Delta Volume (Vfinal - V initial)

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5
Q

Calculating work, WORK DONE is always reported in

A

Joules

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6
Q

Ventilator doing work for the body, operating at a constant pressure of 600Pa is used to increases the volume of air in the lungs by 00ml

A

W= 0.300 J

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7
Q

What is a calorie defined as

A

The energy necessary to raise 1 g of water 1 degree Celsius

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8
Q

Food calories are _______ written as a “capitalized

A

C

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9
Q

1 Calorie = _______Joules

A

4.184 Joules

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10
Q

1 Kilocalories = ____Joules

A

4184 J

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11
Q

Kinetic energy is

A

the energy a mass has by virtue of being in motion

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12
Q

Formula for KE =

A

1/2 m x v^2

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13
Q

v^2

A

sq.root of 2KE/m

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14
Q

Potential Energy is stored by

A

virtue of position

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15
Q

NOT IMPORTANT Potential energy (PE) =

A

mgh

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16
Q

Internal Energy

A

The sum of all the kinetic and potential energies in particles in a system

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17
Q

Internal energy represented by letter

A

“U”

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18
Q

Thermodynamics, definition

4 laws, cite

A

Study of how energy is converted from one form to another and how it flows in and out of as system

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19
Q

Zeroth law of thermodynamics

A

if 2 system are in thermal equilibrium with a third system, then they are in thermal equilibrium with each other

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20
Q

First law of thermodynamics:

Change in U = Q + W

A

The change in internal energy of a system equals the sum of heat (Q) flowing in or out of the system; and the work done by or on the system
change U = Q-W (change U = heat- work)

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21
Q

When W is positive = (Q enters +)

When W is negative = (Q leaves gas -)

A

the system is absorbing energy or heat

the system is releasing energy or heat

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22
Q

Compressing a gas gives the gas molecules _________

energy since they are at a higher pressure than the surrounding atmosphere.

A

potential energy

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23
Q

How to add internal energy in a gas

A

Heat

Change in volume (compression –>exerting a force on a distance)

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24
Q

Work done by the gas is

A

Work done on the gas = work done by the gas

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25
Q

W is (definition)

A

joules of work energy done by or on the system

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26
Q

If Q > 0, process is endothermic: heat flows into system ___

A

[+Q]

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27
Q

If Q < 0, process is exothermic: heat flows out of system

A

[-Q]

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28
Q

If W < 0 work done by system on surroundings (expansion) ______

A

[-W]

29
Q

 If W > 0 work done on system by surroundings (compression) ____

A

[+W]

30
Q

Second law

A

Entropy of the university is constantly increasing

31
Q

If there is expansion, the system is doing work, energy is lost from the system so the sign for W is a _____

A

negative

32
Q

Specific heat *** unimportant

A

the amount of heat per unit mass required to raised the temperature of something by 1 degree Celsius.

33
Q

Formula of specific Heat (c)

A

c = Q / m (delta T)

34
Q

This describes the change in velocity in time

A

Acceleration

35
Q

This equals the product of an applied force times distance

A

Work

36
Q

These kinds of quantities have both magnitude and direction

A

Vector

37
Q

An object at rest remains at rest until a force act upon it

A

Newton’s First law

38
Q

This is the ability to do work

A

Energy

39
Q

The change in position with time is the

A

Velocity

40
Q

This results from the acceleration of gravity action upon an object’s mass

A

Weight

41
Q

This describes an object’s innate tendency to resist acceleration

A

INERTIA

42
Q

Force divided by area gives

A

Pressure P= F/A

43
Q

The specific heart of a good insulator should be ______WhY?

A

Large; less heat loss by the system

44
Q

Work is

A

Force x distance

45
Q

Define work

A

Expenditure of energy

46
Q

Define work

Define energy

A

Expenditure of energy

The ability to do work

47
Q

What is the formula for KE

A

1/2mv^2

48
Q

The Change in internal energy of a system ( Delta U) is equal to

A

the sum of the heat processes (Q) that cause energy to flow into/out of the system and the work done by/on the system.
Delta U = Q + W

49
Q

What is the endothermic process ? What does the system feels like Hot/cold? (change Q ? 0)

A

heat flows into the system from the surroundings . The system feels COLD. (change Q >0)

50
Q

What is the exothermic process ? What does the system feels like Hot/cold? (change Q ? 0)

A

heat flows from the system into the surroundings . The system feels WARM. (change Q < 0)

51
Q

Why does the temperature in the endothermic system drop?

A
  • Heart flows in the system of endothermic process and contributes to the total internal energy of the system.
  • Energy is necessary for an endothermic reaction to proceed and thus gets consumes in the chemical reaction. As molecules from the surroundings and the system lose KE (because it is being absorbed into the internal energy of the system) They slow down and get cooler. Thus the temperature drops.
52
Q

The average KE of a smile is more closely related to

A

The heat content of the sample

53
Q

What are the metric units for work?

A

Joules

54
Q

1 J is ___/___

A

N/m

55
Q

Work = formula

A

Force used x Distance moved

56
Q

Work definition

A

Defined as a measurement of force displacing an object.

57
Q

1 N (kg/m^2)

A

kg/ m^2

58
Q

To solve a Work problem with weight in Kg?

A

change to Newton by using w=mg

59
Q

KE =

A

½ mass x velocity ²

60
Q

KE is expressed as J or _____

A

(kg/m²/s²)

61
Q

Therefore, we can calculate

the work done by ________

A

expanding gases.

62
Q

The gas will expand until ______ _____

A

the pressures are equalized.

63
Q

1J for gas and pressure

A

Pa x m^3

64
Q

1 C = ______kilocalories ____calories

A

1 ; 1000

65
Q

When doing a problem, if there is expansion, the system _______. The sign for work of the system should be ______

A

is doing work and losing energy ; negative

W

66
Q

When the problem stated that “x joules was absorbed, what should be inferred? It is ____ and should be _____

A

Heat flowed into the system (endothermic)

Q; positive

67
Q

Remember for gas expansion or volume and pressure problems always convert L to

A

m^3

68
Q

Under which of the following conditions is a gas least likely to be ideal?

A

High Pressure, Low temperature

69
Q

Which of the following processes must always result in a net increase in internal energy of the system?

A

A system gains energy as heat and has work done on it by the surroundings.

SRNAChem&Physics (13 decks)

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