GAS-SOLID Flashcards
remove particulate matter from gas streams to enhance system
efficiency, ensure compliance with environmental regulations, and protect downstream equipment
or recover valuable materials.
Gas-solid separation
ENVIRONMENTAL
COMPLIANCE
reduce particulate emissions
EQUIPMENT PROTECTION
prevent wear, fouling, or damage to downstream machinery
MATERIAL RECOVERY
AND EFFICIENCY
o recover valuable solids such as catalysts and raw materials
The choice of separation method depends on factors such as:
Particle size
gas flowrate
temperature
nature of particulates
Larger particles can often be removed using simpler, low-energy methods
like
gravity settling or cyclones
finer particles require advanced
techniques
filtration or electrostatic precipitation
Uses natural force of gravity to separate larger particles from
gas streams
GRAVITY SETTLERS
(SETTLING CHAMBER)
Usually used for large particles such as fly ash, dust, larger
aerosols which can settle easily.
GRAVITY SETTLERS
(SETTLING CHAMBER)
utilizes inertia to remove particles causing them to collide
with solid surfaces where it is captured
IMPINGEMENT
SEPARATORS
effective with medium-sized particles such as dirt, dust, and
aerosols that can be removed through impaction
IMPINGEMENT
SEPARATORS
Uses centrifugal force to separate particles from a gas
stream by spinning the gas which pushes heavier particles
outward
CYCLONE (CENTRIFUGAL
SEPARATORS)
this method is effective with larger particles from dust to
granular solids
CYCLONE (CENTRIFUGAL
SEPARATORS)
Captures particles using a porous medium such as fabric,
ceramic, or metal, allowing clean gas to pass through while
trapping the particles
Filters
effective for fine and coarse particulate matter such as dust,
smoke, mist, and other aerosols
FILTERS
Types of Filters
Fabric
Cartridge
Made of woven or non
woven materials
Faabric
cylindrical filters
used in modular set-ups
Cartridge
Uses liquid such as water or a chemical solution to capture
particles and gases from a gas stream
effectively removes both particulates and gaseous pollutants
gas passes through a liquid bath or mist where particles
either dissolve, react chemically, or captured by droplets
WET SCRUBBERS
the liquid is then disposed or regenerated
used for gasses with particulate matter and soluble gases like
sulfur dioxide, hydrogen chloride, or VOCs
WET SCRUBBERS
Types of Wet Scrubbers
Venturi
Packed Bed
uses highvelocity liquid to create mist for
better particle capture
Venturi
Uses
packing material and liquid spray to
capture particles and soluble gases
Packed bed scrubbers:
Uses high-voltage electrical fields to charge particles, which
are then attracted to collection plates with opposite charge
gas passes through an electrostatic field where particles are
ionized and acquire a charge and moves towards collection
electrodes or metal plates.
ELECTROSTATIC
PRECIPITATORS
uses high-velocity liquid to
create mist for better particle
capture
Wet electrostatic precipitators
(WESP)
