Gas Laws

Question 1

Gases consist of atoms:

Answer 1

He
Ne
Ar
Kr 
Xe 
Rn

Question 2

Or gases consist of diatomic molecules:

Answer 2

H2
N2
O2
F2
Cl2

Question 3

Or gases consist of polyatomic molecules

Answer 3

CH4
SO3
Etc

Question 4

Vapors are

Answer 4

Substances in a gaseous state that are normally solid or liquid

Question 5

Four characteristics of gases

Answer 5

Pressure(P)
Volume(V)
Temperature(T)
Particles(k)

Question 6

Pressure

Answer 6

Force applied by the gas (atm, kPa, mmHg)

Question 7

Atmospheric pressure

Answer 7

Force applied by the “weight” of the atmosphere on us

Question 8

Standard pressure

Answer 8

1atm=101.3 kPa=760 mmHg

Question 9

Dalton’s law

Answer 9

A mixture of gases has a pressure equal to the sum of the partial pressures

Ptotal = p1+ p2 + …

Question 10

Volume

Answer 10

Amount of space occupied by the gas

Question 11

Temperature

Answer 11

Average kinetic energy of gas

Question 12

Standard temperature

Answer 12

0•c = 273 K

Question 13

Bottles law

Answer 13

P1v1= p2v2

Question 14

Charles law

Answer 14

V1/t1 = v2/ t2

Question 15

Gay Lusaks law

Answer 15

P1/t1 = p2/t2

Question 16

Combined gas law

Answer 16

P1v1/t1 = p2v2/t2

Question 17

Avogadros hypothesis

Answer 17

Equal volumes of gases contain the same number of particles (at the same t and p)

Question 18

Ideal gas law

Answer 18

P1v1/n1t1 = p2v2/n2t2

Or

pv = nRT

Question 19

Density =

Answer 19

Molar mass/ volume

Question 20

Why does d=m/v

Answer 20

Scince 1 mile of any gas occupies a volume of 22.4 L at stp and one mile of a gas has a mass equal to its molar mass, the density of gas can be calculated by mm/22.4

Question 21

If you multiple mm on both sides of the equation density equals

Answer 21

P•mm/RT

Question 22

Gases in a mixture will

Answer 22

Behave independently of each other

P1 = n1 (RT/V)
P2= n2 (RT/V)

Question 23

A mixture of gases would occupy the same container… Meaning

Answer 23

The same t and v for each gas
Ptotal= (n1+n2+n3)(RT/V)
=
ntotal (RT/V)

Question 24

Amount of gas in a mixture is related to

Answer 24

It partial pressure

P1/Pt = n1/nt

Question 25

Mole fraction

Answer 25

n1/nt

Question 26

The mole fraction, X, is the ratio of

Answer 26

Moles of one gas to the total number of miles in the mixture

P1 = (n1/nt) Pt

=

X1P1

Question 27

Kinetic molecular theory

Answer 27

1. Gases consist of a lot of molecules in continuous, random motion
2. The total volume of the molecules is negligible compared to the volume occupied by the gas
3. Attractive and repulsive forces between gas molecules is negligible
4. Energy can be transferred from a molecule to another, but it is never lost “perfectly elastic”
5. The average kinetic energy of a gas molecules is proportional to the kelvin temperature scale

Question 28

Kelvin temperature scale

Answer 28

Has only + values

The lowest temperature is absolute 0, 0K

Question 29

All molecular activity stops at

Answer 29

0K

Question 30

Effusion

Answer 30

Gas escaping through a tiny hole in its container

Question 31

Diffusion

Answer 31

A gas moving from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration

Question 32

Both effusion and diffusion depend on

Answer 32

Molar mass of a gas

Question 33

Lighter gases move faster

Answer 33

TRU

Question 34

K.E. = (1/2) mv^2

Answer 34

TRU

Question 35

Graham’s law of effusion

Answer 35

Effusion rates are inversely proportional to the square root of its molar mass

Question 36

Gases consist of

Answer 36

Nonmetallic elements