gas exchange Flashcards
what does ventilation mean?
working the lungs to bring air inside the body
what is aerobic respiration?
a chemical reaction where oxygen is used to release energy from food
what four factors affect the rate of diffusion?
- temperature
- concentration gradient
- distance to travel across
- large surface area
what does the moist lining of the alveolus do?
stops it from drying and cracking
what do the veins that cover the alveolus do?
maintains a steep concentration gradient as O2 is diffused into the blood which carries it away
what does the cell wall of the alveolus do?
they are 1 cell thick so their is a short distance for the oxygen to travel across.
what does low air pressure in the lungs do?
makes us draw in air
what is the diaphragm shape when we are inhaling?
flat
is the diaphragm do when inhaling?
contract
what happens to the intercostal muscles when inhaling?
they contract
what are the symptoms of bronchitis?
persistent cough and lung infections
what are the causes of bronchitis?
- tar in tobacco smoke
- clogs/paralyses cylia
- mucus builds up
what are the symptoms of emphysema?
- persistent cough
- difficulty getting oxygen into blood
what is the cause of emphysema?
continued cough breaks down the division between alveoli reducing surface area
what is cancer?
when cells divide uncontrolably
