Garland(2001) Culture of Control (Chapter 4)

Question 1

What is Garlands Main argument in Chapter 4? (One sentence)

Answer 1

Main argument = The change in the way crime is controlled is as a result of the significant “structural transformations” of society due to the modernisation process

Question 2

Provide 3 key examples of “Structural transformations” that the post 1970s period underwent?

Answer 2

Globalisation, deindustrialisation, urbanisation, changes in family structures and the rise of individualism.

Question 3

Define Late Modernity:

Answer 3

This terms describes the post-1970s period, where there was rapid social, economic, and cultural transformations

Question 4

Define Risk Society:

Answer 4

This term is a term used often by “Giddens” and “Ulrick Beck” - Defines a society that is overly preoccupied with the possible “risks” and managing these risks. In Garland’s article these “risks” basically means “crime control”

Question 5

Explain what ‘Anxieties of Social Order” means:

Answer 5

Changes in society has resulted in the creation of new fears and uncertainties, including anxieties about crime and disorder.

Question 6

How did “Economic transformations” occur?

(negative decline)

Answer 6

Deindustrialization and the decline of the welfare state resulted in economic insecurity and rising unemployment

Question 7

Define “Deindustrialization “

Answer 7

Means when society moves away from manufacturing and industrial work and moves towards finance, health care and technology (more service based industries)

Question 8

Why was there a decline in obedience to the state and individualism? And what did this result in?

Answer 8

There was a decline in state submission because of the cultural and social shift. This resulted in an increase of individualism in society

Question 9

What ‘ negative’ impact did deindustrialization and decline of welfare state e have on society and community?

Answer 9

There was an increase in unemployment and economic instability, weakened traditional community and also more social division

Question 10

What did the anxieties about crime reflect?

Answer 10

Crime and the response to crime reflected the deeper anxieties and uncertainty as a result of the the changes in society