Gallstones

Question 1

Medical term for gallstones in the bile duct

Answer 1

Choledocholithiasis

Question 2

Definition of intermittent RUQ pain caused by gallstones in the bile duct

Answer 2

Biliary colic

Question 3

Definition of inflammation in gallbladder

Answer 3

Cholecystitis

Question 4

Medical name for gallstones

Answer 4

Cholelithiasis

Question 5

Definition of blockage of bile flow

Answer 5

Cholestasis

Question 6

Definition of inflammation of bile ducts

Answer 6

Cholangitis

Question 7

What are the 4 main risk factors for gallstones?

Answer 7

4 F’s

Fat

Fair (Caucasian)

Female

Forty

Question 8

What are the 4 features of biliary colic?

Answer 8

Colicky pain in epigastric or RUQ

Triggered by meals

Lasts at least 30 mins

May be associated with nausea and vomiting

Question 9

Biliary colic is caused by gallstones in the __ of the gallbladder or in the __ duct

Answer 9

Neck

Cystic

Question 10

What liver enzymes may be raised in bile duct obstruction (2)

Answer 10

ALP

Bilirubin

Question 11

What is the first line investigation of gallstone symptoms?

Answer 11

US

Question 12

If US scan leaves uncertainty in a patient with gallstone symptoms, what is the second line imaging?

Answer 12

MRCP

Question 13

How is gallstones treated (that isn’t surgery)

Answer 13

ERCP

Question 14

What is the opening of the CBD into the duodenum?

Answer 14

Sphincter of Oddi

Question 15

What are the three complications of ERCP?

Answer 15

Bleeding

Cholangitis

Pancreatitis