Gallbladder Pancreatic Bile duct dysfunction

Question 1

What is hyperbilirubinemia?

Answer 1

increased bilirubin in the blood, bilirubin is created when RBC is broken down, bile emulsifies fat
s/s: jaundice

Question 2

What is biliary colic?

Answer 2

irritation of gallbladder
s/s: Murphey’s sign

Question 3

What is Cholecystitis?

Answer 3

inflammation of the gallbladder due to gallstones
RF: 2-3x in women, after 40 yrs of age, increased calorie diet
s/s: episodic colicky pain after eating, positive murphy’s sign

Question 4

What is bile obstruction caused by?

Answer 4

Cholestasis (gallstones) hardens deposit in gallbladder duct
s/s: hyperbilirubinemia, tumor

Question 5

What is acute pancreatitis?

Answer 5

inflammation of the pancreas
Cause: alcohol, hyperglycemia, gallstones
s/s: sudden gradual onset, decreased bowel sounds, guarding, diaphoretic (sweaty or clammy)
Cullen: umbilicus bruising (belly button)
Grey Turner: flank bruising (discoloration)

Question 6

What is pancreatic cancer?

Answer 6

4th most common cancer, unknown causes
RF: cigarette smoking, DM, chronic pancreatitis, tumor which cause blockage, which leads to bile buildup, and jaundice
s/s: increased pain in supine position, pruritus (itching), steatorrhea