Gait Cycle Flashcards
Walkin' n' shit
1
Q
Stance Phase: Initial Contact
A
- Marks beginning of the initial double limb stance
- Muscle contractions: hip extensors contract to stabilize, quads and TA contract eccentrically
2
Q
Stance Phase: Loading Response
A
- Occurs after initial contact until elevation of opposite limb, body weight is transfered onto the supporting limb
- Muscle contractions: DF (TA) contract eccentrically, quads contract eccentrically to stabilize knee
3
Q
Stance Phase: Mid-stance
A
- Single leg support
- From elevation of opposite limb until both ankles are aligned
- Muscle contractions: hip extensors and quads undergo concentric, glute medius contracts eccentrically to control pelvic alignmentS
4
Q
Stance Phase: Terminal stance
A
- Begins when the supporting heel rises from the ground and continues until the opposite heel touches the ground
- Muscle contractors: calf toe flexors
5
Q
Stance Phase: Pre-swing
A
- The start of the second double limb stance in the gait cycle
- From initial contact of opposite limb just prior to elevation of the ipsilateral limb
- Muscle contractors: hip flexors propelling forward
6
Q
Swing Phase: Initial Swing (toe off)
A
- Start of single leg support for opposite limb
- From elevation of the limb to point of maximal knee flexion
- Muscle contractors: hip flexors
7
Q
Swing Phase: Mid-swing (foot clearance)
A
- Following knee flexion to point where tibia is vertical
- Muscle contractors: ankle DF
8
Q
Swing Phase: Terminal Swing
A
- From point where tibia is vertical to just prior to initial contact
- Muscle contractors: eccentric activation of hamstrings to decelerate forward motion of the thigh
9
Q
Four Main Challenges of Gait
A
- Maintaining upright posture
- Maintaining equilibrium
- Control of foot trajectory and ground clearance
- Control of multiple body segments
10
Q
Normal Wear Pattern on Shoes
A
- Increased wear over lateral part of heel
- Even wear along 1st, 2nd, 3rd MTP joints
- Even wear over the 1st, 2nd and 3rd MT heel
11
Q
Gait Patterns: Antalgic Gait
A
- Reduced weight bearing on the injuried lower extremity
- Decreased step length of unaffected limb so decreased stance time on affected limb
12
Q
Gait Patterns: Steppage Gait
A
- Patient cannot DF, resulting in lifting knee very high or flexion of hip to clear foot
13
Q
Gait Patterns: Foot slap
A
- Weak or absent dorsi flexors and foot slaps on ground
14
Q
Gait Patterns: Abducted Lurch
A
- Pt leans over the hip to place COG over the hip.
- Compensation for glute med weakness
15
Q
Gait Patterns: Glute max gait
A
- Backward trunk lean or throwing the trunk backwards after initial contact may be due to weakness of hip extensors
