Gait Flashcards
What is the appropriate amount of ROM of the hip needed for normal gait in Stance Phase?
0-30 degrees of flexion
What is the appropriate amount of ROM of the hip needed for normal gait in swing phase?
20-30 degrees of flexion
What is the appropriate amount of knee ROM needed for normal gait during stance phase?
0-40 degrees of flexion
What is the appropriate amount of knee ROM needed for normal gait during swing phase?
0-60 degrees of flexion
What is the appropriate amount of ankle ROM needed for normal gait during stance phase?
10-15 degrees of DF and 0-20 degrees of PF
What is the appropriate amount of ankle ROM needed for normal gait during swing phase?
10-15 degrees of PF
What are the causes of Backward Leaning in stance phase?
Weak Hip extensors
Hip flexion rigid contracture
What is the cause of delayed heel contact?
weak tibialis anterior
What is the cause of premature heel off?
Tight hip flexors in terminal stance OR tight gastrocs in early heel off in midstance
What is the cause of foot slap?
Weak Dorsiflexors
What are the three substitutes for excessive plantarflexion?
Premature heel off, knee hyperextension, and forward trunk lean
Are anterior or posterior muscles activated when landing during gait?
Anterior muscles activated
What is the role of the Anterior Tibialis, Extensor Digitorium Longus, & Extensor Hallacis Longus during gait?
Eccentric contraction to help lower foot to ground during heel strike
What is the role of the Quadriceps during heel strike?
Contract eccentrically - controls rapid knee flexion to prevent knee buckling
What is the role of the Quadriceps during Pre-swing?
Eccentric contraction to slow down tibia
What does Frontal Plane Mean?
Abduction and Adduction
What does Sagittal plane mean?
Flexion and Extension
How does COM change during an amputation of LE?
COM will move away from removed limb and become higher up.
For an AKA, Low anterior wall indicates what?
Weak Quadriceps
Lateral Bending for AKA Stance Phase Deviation?
Short Prothesis or inadequate lateral wall
Abduction for AKA Stance Deviation?
Long prothesis or abducted hip joint
Lordosis during stance phase of AKA amputation indicates?
Anterior socket wall discomfort
Forward Flexion during stance phase of AKA gait deviation?
Unstable knee joint or short walker
High Heel Rise during swing phase for AKA amputation?
Inadequate friction or slack extension aid
Terminal Impact during swing phase for AKA amputation?
Inadequate friction or taut extension aid
Heel whip during swing phase for AKA amputation?
Knee bolt rotated or prothesis donned to malrotation
Foot Rotation during swing phase for AKA amputation?
Stiff heel cushion or malrotated foot
What does LIME WHIP stand for?
Lateral Whip = Internal rotation & Medial Whip = External rotation
What will happen with PF is restricted by hard bumper?
Increased flexion of knee to clear floor & bumper will not absorb shock so abrupt excessive knee flexion
What will happen with a soft PF bumper
Causes hyperextension of the knee
What are the Orthotic causes of Toe Drag?
Inadequate DF assist (similar to weak muscles)
Inadequate PF stop (similar to spastic muscles)
What are Pressure Sensitive Areas for Transtibial Amputation?
Anterior tibia, Anterior Tibial Crest, Fibular head and neck, & Fibular nerve
What are pressure Tolerant Areas for Transtibial Amputation?
Patellar tendon, Medial Tibial Plateau, Tibial and fibular shafts, & Distal end of Fibula
