G8: TYPES OF MICROSCOPES

Question 1

- most commonly used and simplest
type of optical microscope
- also known as the compound light
microscope
- light is provided by an illuminator,
which is typically a high-intensity
bulb below the stage
- the sample is dark but the
background is bright

Answer 1

BRIGHT-FIELD MICROSCOPE

Question 2

• also called dark ground microscopy
• one of the aspects of optical
microscopy

Answer 2

DARK-FIELD MICROSCOPE

Question 3

• the result is in brightly illuminated
objects against a dark background
• achieve bright displays, better color
accuracy, pure white color
temperature, and exceptionally low
energy consumption
• biological, gemological, and
metallurgical sciences

Answer 3

DARK-FIELD MICROSCOPE

Question 4

dark field microscope
• has a dark-field substage condenser which is preceded by a
special exciter filter
• absorbs the blue light and emits a yellow or green light
requires a very powerful light source and a
dichroic mirror to reflect light at the desired
excitation/emission wavelength
• highly sensitive, specific, reliable, and
extensively used by scientists

Answer 4

FLUORESCENT MICROSCOPE

Question 5

• employs light microscopy
• uses polarizers to manipulate light
• first polarizer (light source-filter);
second polarizer/analyzer (objectiveeyepiece); complementary with each
other
• birefringent specimen exhibits
anisotropy
birefringence = double refraction =
two rays are formed (differences in
refractive index by region)
• differences in the texture, density, and
color
• type, thickness, and orientation
• geology, petrology, chemistry, biology,
and many other similar industries

Answer 5

POLARIZING MICROSCOPE

Question 6

changed wavelength of light
phase produces high contrast
images

Answer 6

PHASE-CONTRAST MICROSCOPE

Question 7

bright field microscopes
• used by taking light from a condenser and using a prism to
separate the light into 2 beams (object beam) and (reference
beam)
• produces three-dimensional and a layer by layer image of
the specimen

Answer 7

INTERFERENCE-CONTRAST MICROSCOPE

Question 8

• powerful type, magnifies at
nano-dimensions
• different components, same principles
• uses accelerated electrons by their
wave-particle duality
• electron gun (light source);
electromagnets (lenses)
• SEM and TEM
• applications in biology and geology;
quality control and failure analysis

Answer 8

electron microscope