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CVE > G7- Accident Causation > Flashcards

G7- Accident Causation Flashcards

1
Q

A study of factors and sequences leading to accidents

A

Accident Causation

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2
Q

Helps in understanding and preventing construction site incidents

A

Accident Causation

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3
Q

Essential for creating safe work environments

A

Accident Causation

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4
Q

What are the theories of accident causation?

A
  1. Domino Theory
  2. Multiple Causation Theory
  3. Human Factors Theory
  4. Systems Theory
  5. Energy Transfer Theory
  6. Accident-Incident Causation Theory
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5
Q

Proposed by Helbert William Heinrich in 1931
and states that Accidents as a chain reaction

A

Domino Theory

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6
Q

Sequence of Domino Theory

A
  1. Social environment
  2. Fault of person
  3. Unsafe act/condition
  4. Accident
  5. Injury
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7
Q

Accidents result from multiple factors, not a single cause

A

Multiple Causation Theory

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8
Q

The factors in multiply causation theory are:

A

unsafe acts, unsafe conditions, poor training policies or procedures, and inadequate supervision

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9
Q

Focuses on human error as the main cause of accidents

A

Human Factors Theory

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10
Q

Factors in Human Factors Theory are:

A

skill deficiencies, violations of rules or procedures, poor decision-making, and lack of situational awareness

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11
Q

Accidents from complex interactions (worker, tasks, tools, environment)

A

Systems Theory

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12
Q

The five subsystems in systems theory are:

A

Technical
Environmental
Individual
Organizational
Social

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13
Q

Views accidents as uncontrolled energy transfer (mechanical, electrical, etc.)
and emphasizes the importance of identifying dangerous situations and implementing safety measures to prevent accidents from occurring

A

Energy Transfer Theory

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14
Q

Expands on human factors and overload concepts
and states that the cause of an accident/incident are human error and/or system failure

A

Accident-Incident Causation Theory

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15
Q

Importance of understanding accident causation and its application:

A
  1. Identifying Patterns
  2. Developing Safety Practices
  3. Implementing Proactive Measures
  4. Influencing Government Policies
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16
Q

By looking at past accidents and close calls, project teams can spot potential dangers early and this lets them take steps to prevent problems before they can happen.

A

Proactive Risk Identification

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17
Q

Some Casual factors that require proactive risk identification:

A
  1. Human Factors
  2. Environmental Factors
  3. Job-related Factors
  4. Management Factors
  5. Improved Safety Culture
  6. Targeted Interventions
  7. Cost Saving
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18
Q

During _____________________, accident causation analysis might reveal factors like poor weather or equipment failure as key risks. In response, project teams might adjust the construction schedule to avoid peak weather seasons, reinforce scaffolding, and implement additional safety checks on heavy lifting machinery.

A

bridge construction

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19
Q

In ________________________, accident causation analysis can prevent falls and collapses by implementing secure scaffolding, harness use, and proper load distribution. Understanding these factors helps in setting up robust fall-prevention systems, improving both worker safety and structural stability.

A

High-rise construction

20
Q

will not happen by itself, but there are triggers for it to happen.

A

Accident

21
Q

Most of the accidents that occur are caused by

A

Unsafe behavior and/or unsafe conditions

22
Q

refers to actions by individuals that violate established safety procedures and guidelines. This could be intentional or unintentional, but it typically involves disregarding safety rules

A

Unsafe behavior

23
Q

A condition in which the layout of the workplace or the physical location of the work, the state of the apparatus, equipment and/or materials have been in violation of safety standards.

A

Unsafe Conditions

24
Q

What are the factors that contribute to accidents?

A
  1. Human Element
  2. Job Site Condition
  3. Unique Nature of the Industry
  4. Unsafe Equipment
  5. Unsafe Methods
  6. Environmental Factors
  7. Management
25
Q

Refers to human related causes of accidents, including errors, lack of training and poor judgement

A

Human Element

26
Q

Refers to the physical state of the job itself, particularly if the site is disorganized or poorly maintained

A

Job Site Condition

27
Q

The construction industry is inherently high-risk due to the nature of its projects, which involve heavy machinery, complex operations, and unpredictable movements

A

Unique Nature of the Industry

28
Q

Accidents can occur due to equipment that is outdated, faulty, improperly maintained, or used incorrectly

A

Unsafe Equipment

29
Q

Work practices that do not follow safety guidelines

A

Unsafe Methods

30
Q

Environmental conditions, such as weather and natural hazards

A

Environmental Factors

31
Q

Poor management practices, including lack of planning, inadequate supervision and failure to enforce safety policies

A

Management

32
Q

Real-world example of accidents in Civil Engineering Projects:

A
  1. Falls from Height
  2. Struck by Object
  3. Electrocution
  4. Fire and Explosions
  5. Fall from Scaffolding
33
Q

Case studies from Specific Projects:

A
  1. The Tacoma Narrows Bridge
  2. A Poorly Designed tower in London
34
Q

Twisted back and forth in strong winds before collapsing in 1940

A

The Tacoma Narrows Bridge

35
Q

Reflected and magnified sunlight until it was melting cars and frying eggs

A

A Poorly Designed Tower in London

36
Q

Economic impact of accidents on companies and workers includes:

A
  1. Cost
  2. Profitability
  3. Worker and Well-Being
  4. Company Reputation
37
Q

Accident’s Impact on Safety Regulations and Laws are:

A
  1. Identifying Trends
  2. Improving Safety Protocols
  3. Enhancing Safety and Health of Employees
38
Q

Construction projects can be complex and unsafe for the environment, affecting sustainable development.

A

Environmental Impact

39
Q

Accidents can lead to a loss of customers’ confidence, tarnishing of image, and loss of public confidence in the contractors

A

Social Impacts

40
Q

The _________________________are paramount in civil engineering. The code mandates engineers to prioritize public safety and welfare in all their professional decisions. This principle is the cornerstone of the profession, reflecting the profound responsibility civil engineers bear towards society

A

Safety and Welfare of the Public

41
Q

The code emphasizes the importance of competence and continuous learning. Civil engineers are expected to practice in their competence areas and keep their knowledge up to-date.

A

Competence and Knowledge

42
Q

Civil engineers are expected to take responsibility for their actions and decisions. This principle promotes integrity and professionalism, reinforcing society’s trust in civil engineers.

A

Professional Accountability

43
Q

If violations of safety codes or regulations are found, firms can face fines, penalties, or orders to cease work until issues are corrected.

A

Regulatory Investigations and Fines

44
Q

Engineers may be ordered to pay significant amounts in damages through settlements or court judgments. This can include compensatory and punitive damages. The financial impact can be substantial, especially in cases involving severe accidents.

A

Financial Penalties

45
Q

In extreme cases where an engineer’s actions involve gross negligence or willful misconduct that leads to serious harm or fatalities, _______________ could be filed.

A

criminal charges

CVE (15 decks)

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