G.2 Animal-like Protists Flashcards
Protozoa
“First animals” , animal like protist
Paramecium
Single celled protists found in aquatic habitats
Cilia
Short, eyelash-like structures that aid in movement
Pellicle
Thin skin/ film that protects cell membranes in many Protozoa
Trichocysts
Structure in various Protozoa with thin threads that can be ejected in response to certain stimuli
Oral Groove
Channel found in certain Protozoa where food is directed into the mouth
Gullet
Essentially a “throat” that helps with the intake of food
Intracellular digestion
Digestion occurring within an individual cell (lysosomes have enzymes which digest particles in food vacuoles and worn out organelles)
Food vacuole
Vacuole with digestive functions (helps organism to digest their food)
Anal pore
Opening on exterior surface where undigested food, water or gas is expelled
Contractile vacuoles
Specialized vacuole that regulates quantity of water in a cell
Macronucleus
Larger type of nucleus of Protozoa (with cilia), used for everyday functions
Micronucleus
Smaller nucleus, used in sexual reproduction
Binary fission
Specialized type of mitosis (asexual reproduction) which separates a cell into two new ones
Conjugation
Sexual reproduction in bacteria, Protozoa
Cytoplasmic bridge
Thin direct cytoplasmic connections between two cells where molecules can pass
Amoeba
Single celled microscopic organism that move via pseudopods and reproduce via binary fission
Pseudopod
A “fake foot”, temporary foot-like structure that some organisms use to move
Test
Hard and porous covering
Cyst
Hardened “knot” of tissue
Chemotaxic response
Response to chemicals. May be positive (attraction to stimuli) or negative (avoidance of stimuli)
Phagocytosis
Cellular process of engulfing substances that are too large to pass through a cell membrane
Pinocytosis
Type of endocytosis (ingestion of liquid into cell via budding of small vesicles from the cell membrane)
Pathogenic
Able to cause disease
Plasmodium
Protozoan of a genus that includes plasmodium that cause malaria
Spores
Asexually produced entity, mass produced and germinate when they land in a suitable place
Polymorphic
Having more than one body form in a lifetime
Trypanosoma
Genus of protozoans that infect the blood of many vertebrate organisms (i.e. humans) and are transmitted by insects. Can cause things like sleeping sickness (tsetse fly)
Flagella
Tail-like structure that things like bacteria, Protozoa and sperm use to move
Chagas’ disease
disease caused by trypanosomes transmitted by bloodsucking bugs (i.e. kissing bugs)
