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HCARP1 > G1 - Use Concrete Types, Materials, Additives and Treatments > Flashcards

G1 - Use Concrete Types, Materials, Additives and Treatments Flashcards

1
Q

What is plain concrete?

A

Simple footings and large gravity retaining walls are made of plain concrete.

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2
Q

Is concrete stronger in compression or tension?

A

Concrete is about ten times stronger in compression than in tension.

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3
Q

Thermal expansion of concrete and steel is the same in both. True or False?

A

True

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4
Q

Cement paste bonds only to what two things?

A

Steel and aggregates.

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5
Q

Pre-stressed concrete is in what state?

A

In a state of pre-compression.

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6
Q

Pre-tensioning is done before or after concrete is placed?

A

Pre-tensioning is done before concrete is placed.

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7
Q

True or false, a flat roof is a type of concrete shell roof?

A

False.

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8
Q

What is form lining?

A

It is used to produce the texture of forming materials.

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9
Q

The term concrete masonry means construction from?

A

Bricks or blocks.

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10
Q

Concrete with air entrainment has:

A

Microscopic air bubbles.

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11
Q

A cement mixture applied with compressed air is called?

A

Shotcrete

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12
Q

What makes pervious concrete different from other concrete types?

A

It is porous.

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13
Q

The advantages of pervious concrete is?

A

Water percolates through into soil below, it is environmentally friendly, may save materials and labour.

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14
Q

The three basic elements of concrete are?

A

Cement, water and aggregates.

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15
Q

The rocklike substance produced by kiln is called:

A

Clinkers

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16
Q

The four basic ingredients used in manufacture of cement are:

A

Iron, Silica, Alumina and Limestone. I S A L

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17
Q

Normal Portland cement is now known as?

A

GU Cement.

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18
Q

High-Early strength hydraulic cement is:

A

HE Cement.

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19
Q

LH cement is used for?

A

Low heat-of-hydration concrete.

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20
Q

Expansive cements cause concrete to:

A

Expand during setting

21
Q

Good aggregates should be shaped how?

A

Round or Cubical.

22
Q

Fine aggregates are usually considered to be?

A

Less than 5mm

23
Q

An accelerator is an example of an?

A

Admixture

24
Q

The masonry cement best suited for foundation construction is?

A

Type M (MASON)

25
Q

A major greenhouse gas produced by the cement industry is?

A

Co2

26
Q

One way of reducing CO2 emissions during cement production is?

A

Decrease the amount of clinker used

27
Q

What are the steps to finish concrete once it has been placed in forms?

A

Vibrate, strike off, wait for bleed water, evaporate, steel trowel.

28
Q

What is bleed water?

A

Excess water in the concrete not needed for hydration.

29
Q

How does concrete and why is curing important?

A

Concrete hardens, through a chemical reaction between water and cement. Curing is making sure that there is enough to main this chemical reaction. 28 days of curing will allow concrete to reach it’s design strength.

30
Q

Describe bonding

A

The bond between the cement paste and the reinforcing steel transfers and the tension load from one steel reinforcing bar to the next.

31
Q

Describe Corrosion.

A

During the chemical reaction if cement with the water in the concrete mixture, the cement paste bonds to the reinforcing steel. This bond protects the steel from corrosion. Never use calcium chloride.

32
Q

What in marine structures, what should steel be coated with to protect it?

A

Epoxy paint.

33
Q

What is the purpose of pre-stressing concrete?

A

It increases their ability to span distances and carry loads.

34
Q

What is concrete Pre-Tensioning?

A

High-strength steel cables are placed into the formwork for the member and tensioned before the concrete is placed.

35
Q

What is post tensioning?

A

When concrete is post-tensioned, high strength steel cables are placed into the formwork for the member but not tensioned until after the concrete is placed. Post-tension may be pre-cast or cast in placed.

36
Q

What is architectural concrete?

A

Contemporary styles of architecture make use of concrete as finished building material. It is plastic, fresh and can be molded into practically any shape or form.

37
Q

What is the purpose of Air-Entrainment.

A

The use of air entrainment helps the concrete to resist the damage caused by numerous freeze-thaw cycles. One cubic meter of concrete with 4 to 6 percent air entrainment can contain as many as 650 billion microscopic air bubbles. The air bubbles provide tiny chambers for water to expand into as it freezxes.

38
Q

What is soil-cement?

A

Soil cement is a simple, highly compacted mixture of soil, portland cement, and water. As the cement hydrates, the mixture becomes hard and durable.

39
Q

What is soil cement mainly used for?

A

Soil cement is used mainly for paving roads, streets, and airports. To complete the pavement, a thin bituminous sealing course is placed over it.

40
Q

What is Shot-crete?

A

Shot-crete is portland cement that is applied by a pneumatically operated gun.

40
Q

What is Shot-crete?

A

Shot-crete is portland cement that is applied by a pneumatically operated gun.

41
Q

What is mortar?

A

Mortar is a mixture of cement, water and sand.

42
Q

What is fibre-reinforced concrete?

A

Fiberglass reinforcing is useful when there is a danger of chemicals corroding steel reinforcing. It is used in tanks, pipes, and boat hulls.

43
Q

What is Self-leveling Gypsum?

A

A block of special gypsum concrete is used on floors in wood-frame apartment buildings and condominiums.

44
Q

What is pervious concrete?

A

Most of its uses are on the slab on the ground type.

45
Q

Advantages of using Pervious Concrete.

A

With a pervious concrete pavement, the water simply flows right through it and percolates naturally into the soils below without affecting its stability.

46
Q

How is Portland cement manufacture?

A

Limestone, iron, silica, and alumina. This blended material is ground to a fine powder and then burned to a kiln to fuse it into a small rock-like substance called clinkers. THe clinkers are crushed gypsum is added and the combined product is ground to a very fine powder.

47
Q

How is concrete transported?

A

For small jobs, concrete is often delivered directly into the formwork from the concrete truck. This is referred to as a tailgate placement.

HCARP1 (17 decks)

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