G. Pancreasul Endocrin Flashcards

1
Q

Caracteristicile pancreasului endocrin

A

1-2% greutatea pancreasului
Implicat in controlul metabolismului intermediar prin hormoni
Consta in insule de celule endocrine- insulele Langerhans
- L-20-30%=> glucagon(hormon hiperglicemic)
-B 60-70%=> insulina hormon hipoglicemiant)
-d-somatostatina

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2
Q

Actiunea glucagonului

A
  • produce hiperglicemie prin glicogenoliza hepatica
  • stimuleaza glicogenoliza si gluconeogeneza
  • favorizeaza formarea corpilor cetonici: produsi toxici pentru S.N.
  • inhiba sinteza proteica, stimuleaza proteoliza
  • efect lipolitic in t adipos
  • creste forta de contractie miocardica si secretia biliara; scade secretia gastrica
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3
Q

Actiunea insulinei

A

Singurul hm hipoglicemic cu efect anabolizant asupra tuturor tipurilor de metabolism
Metabolismul glucidic:
-hipoglicemie prin stimularea consumului de glucoza la nivel celular
-stimuleaza glicogenoliza, inhiba gluconeogeneza(ficat)
-stimuleaza transportul de glucoza si sinteza de glicerol(t adipos)
-stimuleaza transportul de glucoza, glicoliza, sinteza de glicogen

Metabolismul lipidic:
stimuleaza lipogeneza(ficat)
stimuleaza sinteza de TG si AG, sinteza enzimelor lipogenetice, inhiba lipoliza(t adipos)
Metabolismul proteic:
Inhiba proteoliza(ficat)
Stimuleaza captarea AA si sinteza proteica(muschi)

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4
Q

Hiposecretia pancreasului endocrin

A

Diabet zaharat de
Tip 1-insulinodependent-mostenit
Tip 2-la adulti
•predispozitie genetica
•obezitate
•sedentarism
>65-110mg
Simptome: poliurie, polidipsie, polifagie si scadere in greutate, glucozurie, dezechilibre acido-bazice si electrolitice
+retinopatia diabetica poate duce la pierderea vederii
Complicatiile bolii provoaca si compromiterea morfo-functional a unor tesuturi si organe de importanta vitala(SN, cardiovarscular, excretor)

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5
Q

Hipersecretia pancreasului endocrin

A

-hipoglicemie-anomalii ale SNC

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