D. Paratiroide Flashcards

1
Q

Localizarea paratiroidelor

A

Partea posterioara a lobilor tiroidieni

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2
Q

Morfologia paratiroidelor

A

Glande de dimensiuni mici: 130mg

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3
Q

Structura paratiroidelor

A

Capsula fibroasa
Microscopic, sunt organizate sub forma de cordoane celulare
Exista celule parafoliculare identice cu celulele “C” ale tiroidei, care secreta calcitonina

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4
Q

Hormoni secretati de paratiroide

A

Parathormonul(PTH)

Calcitonina

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5
Q

Activitatea parathormonului/PTH

A

Activ asupra osului, rinichiului si tractului digestiv, prin efecte directe sau a vitaminei D3 a carei secretie o controleaza
Creste calcemia; scade fosfatemia prin actiuni metabolice:
Stimularea reabsorbtiei intestinale a Ca si a reabsorbtiei tubulare a Ca in nefroul distal
Mobilizarea sarurilor fosfocalcice
Scaderea eliminarilor urinare de K si P
*hipercalcemia inhiba secretia de PTH si invers

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6
Q

Hiposecretia h paratiroidieni

A

La copil: rahitism-modificari ale dentitiei, scheletului
La adult: spasmofilie-tetania- scaderea brusca a nivelului de Ca plasmatic => cresterea excitabilitatii neuromusculare
Apar spasme(inclusiv laringiene care pot duce la moarte prun asfixiere)

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7
Q

Hipersecretia h paratiroidieni

A

Boala Reicklinghausen->osteoporoza

  • Deformari si rupturi osoase
  • Depuneri fosfocalcice in tesuturi moi
  • aparitia unor calculi urinari
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8
Q

Activitatea calcitoninei

A

Hipercalcemia este stimulul declansator
Scade calcemia
Creste fosfatemia

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