fungi and fungicides Flashcards
what are the 4 main divisions (phylum) of fungi ?
zygomycetes
ascomycetes
basidiomycetes
deuteromycetes
list 3 main nutrient adsorption ways of fungi and simply explain them?
Parasitic- only parasites benefit. adsorb through living tissue
Saprophytic- Feed on dead matter materials and adsorb nutrients from that
Mutualistic- both benefit. adsorb nutrients from host
Give 5 important key factors that should be considered before spraying fungicides?
1) Properly diagnose
2) Apply fungicide at proper timing
3) Application method either spraying or seed treatment
4) application rate is correct so there isn’t wasted money
5) Effects on beneficial microorganisms
explain organic VS. Inorganic fungicides
- Organic is a fungicide structure containing carbon atoms.
- Inorganic doesn’t contain carbon atoms in the fungicide structure.
Explain Contact VS systemic fungicides
Contact is effective where it makes contact with the plant
Systemic is translocated throughout the plant and effective on the whole plant
Explain Narrow spectrum VS Broad spectrum
- Narrow is when the fungicide only effects a few usually close pathogens. single site activity.
- Broad spectrum controls a large range of pathogens. this is usually associated with a Muti site activity but there are some single sites
List 4 safety precautions that should be used during fungicide application
- Do not wear soft contact lenses
- keep a supply of fresh water for an eye wash
- Always avoid eating or drinking or smoking
- Shower as soon as possible after spraying
heterotroph
don’t make their own food
how to identify fungi
visual examination
microscopic examination
lab based isolation
why do we need fungicides ?
to prevent pathogen
to prevent economic loss
to kill disease
reduces stress on plant / increase production
how do fungicides kill fungi ?
damaging the cell membranes
inactivating critical enzymes
interfering with key processes such as energy or respiration
