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BDS1 BAMS: Microbiology > Fungi > Flashcards

Fungi Flashcards

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Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

What type of DNA do fungi have?

A

Double stranded

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2
Q

Are fungi classed as eukaryotes or prokaryotes?

A

Eukaryotes - have a true nucleus

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3
Q

Give an example of multicellular fungi

A

Mushrooms

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4
Q

Give an example of unicellular fungi

A

Moulds and yeasts

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5
Q

What is mycology?

A

The study of fungi

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6
Q

What is mycotoxicology?

A

The study of fungal toxins and their effects

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7
Q

What is mycoses?

A

Diseases caused by fungi

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8
Q

Which common scalp condition does Malassezia globosa cause?

A

Dandruff

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9
Q

What conditions do dermatophytes cause?

A

Tinea pedis: athletes foot
Tinea corpora: ringworm
And more

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10
Q

When might denture stomatitis occur?

A

In patients who don’t clean their dentures properly

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11
Q

How can oral pharyngeal candidiasis (thrush) be treated?

A
  • Scraping

- Antifungal drugs

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12
Q

What is candida leukoplakia?

A
  • Pre-malignant condition
  • The organism (usually candida albicans) has grown into the tissue
  • White patches, cannot be scraped off
  • Require anti-fungal drugs
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13
Q

Describe the methods of diagnosing oral fungal infections

A
  1. Sample - place on microscope slide and look for projections (hyphae)
  2. Oral rinse: 10ml saline solution. Spit it out, send specimen for analysis in lab
  3. Swab
  4. Punch biopsy
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14
Q

What is Candida auris?

A
  • A dangerous superbug fungi
  • High mortality
  • Resistant to anti-fungal drugs
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15
Q

What is cryptococcus?

A
  • An encapsulated yeast
  • Causes crytococcus meningitis
  • Thick capsule makes it difficult for the immune system to deal with
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16
Q

How does aspergillus spread?

A

Spores

17
Q

How are fungal infections treated?

A
  • Target components of cell wall
  • Ergosterol in fungal cell walls; targeted by azoles e.g. clotrimazole
  • Can also target Beta 1,3-glucan synthase
18
Q

Name 2 factors that have led to the spread of anti fungal restrictions

A
  1. Prophylactic prescriptions (i.e. preventative medicine)

2. Agriculture

19
Q

What is chitin?

A

A component of the fungal cell wall that provides structural stability

20
Q

What effect do antibiotics have on mycobiomes?

A

Overprescirption/inappropriate prescriptions of antibiotics can alter the mycobiome/affect the balance of bacteria:fungi; commensal bacterial populations die, fungal populations can thrive

BDS1 BAMS: Microbiology (6 decks)

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