Fungi

Question 1

What type of fungi are a species of a variety of aseptate fungi, ubiquitous in environment, and affects those with diabetic ketoacidosis and neutropenia? Give an example of a dangerous aggressive one?

Answer 1

Mucormycosis do this, an example is

Rhinocerebral mucormycosis: a rapidly progressive disease that needs aggressive debridement and antifungal therapy

Question 2

List the systemic Mycoses?

Answer 2

Candidiasis(also can be superficial) 
Coccidioidomycosis
histoplasmosis
blastomycosis
cryptococcosis
aspergillosis
mucormycosis
pneumocystosis

Question 3

What is an opportunistic systemic mycoses that is:
Formally classified as a parasite
has an unknown reservoir but a respiratory route
that causes pneumonia with frothy exudate
has a risk factor of low CD4(AIDS) which is commonly life threatening
chest x ray with pulmonary infiltrates
Silver stain=cysts like crushed ping pong balls
is treated with trimethoprimsulfamethoxazole (prophylaxis)

Answer 3

Pneumocystis jiroveci

Question 4

What is an opportunistic systemic mycoses that has:
Filamentous branched septate hyphae
Mold spores in air from PEANUTS GRAINS RICE
Gives u asthma (ige) after inhaled
Makes a fungus ball in your lungs
is associated with TB/cancer
makes you cough up blood because its angioinvasive
makes Aflatoxin which fucks with your liver and can give you cancer

Answer 4

Aspergillus fumigatus

Question 5

What Systemic Mycoses come from bird and bat feces?

Answer 5

Histoplasma capsulatum

Question 6

What systemic Mycoses come from soil, rotten wood and often happens in healthy people?

Answer 6

Blastomyces dermatitidis

Question 7

Which systemic Mycoses comes from soil, causes mild pneumonia and is associated with AIDS?

Answer 7

Coccidioides immitus

Question 8

Where do Histoplasmosis live?

Answer 8

in Macrophages

Question 9

What do Blastomyces look like?

Answer 9

Broad Based Buding

BBB

Question 10

What do Coccidioides look like?

Answer 10

they have Spherules

Question 11

Where are Histoplasma and Blastomyces endemic in the united states?

Answer 11

Where the Missisissipppi Drains

Question 12

What type of Mycoses is NEVER transmitted person to person, causes local lung infections and bloodstream dissemination, is fought off by CELL MEDIATED IMMUNITY and granulomas and can be:
Asymptomatic, Pneumia or Disseminated in terms of symptoms?

Answer 12

Systemic Mycoses

Question 13

How do you diagnose systemic mycoses? What do we always treat?

Answer 13

Diagnose with Biopsly (grow on agar to see yeast) you ALWAYS treat Blastomyces

Question 14

What is an opportunistic, systemic Mycoses that:
is an encapsulated yeast
coccus
from pigeon feces
ass with Meningitis
10% of AIDS patients have it
Fatal w/no treatment
Lumbar puncture to test cerebrospinal fluid
India ink will see capsule
Treated with Amphotericin B and Flucytosine

Answer 14

Cyyptococcus neoformans

Question 15

How does Disseminated Candidiasis get into the body usually?

Answer 15

GI tract or IV catheter

Question 16

List oral Manifestations of candidiasis?

Answer 16

Pseudomembranous
atrophic
Angular chelitis
Hyperplastic

Question 17

List Subcutaneous Mycoses?

Answer 17

sporotrichosis

Question 18

What Subcutaneous Mycoses is:
a normal soil inhabitant 
commonly comes from rose thorns
dimorphic at 35(yeast) and 25(hyphae)
cigar shaped
can spread to lymphatics
causes painless nodules that become necrotic
treated with ORAL potassium iodide?

Answer 18

Sporothrix schenckii

Question 19

List superficial Mycoses

Answer 19

Dermatophytosis

Candidiasis

Question 20

What superficial mycoses:
transmitted from person to person
animal to person
and soil to person
secretes Keratinase
Diagnosed with KOH
Fluoresce under UV light
treated with topical azoles

Answer 20

Dermatophytoses

Question 21

List examples of Dermatophytoses?

Answer 21

Microsporum, Trichophyton, Epidermophyton

Question 22

What do we always target with fungal infections?

Answer 22

Beta glucan

Ergosterol