Fungi Flashcards
What subcutaneous fungal infection is dimorphic? Presentation at body temperature?
Sporothichosis
Body temp (37c)- Yeast
At 25c- branching hyphae
What fungal infection is associated with a rose thorn prick and plaque-like manifestations?
Sporotrichosis- Nodules form up lymphatic tracts on extremities. (Sporothrix schenckii)
What organism causes mild pneumonia in healthy people and is a very common opportunistic infection in AIDS patients who live in the Southwest US?
Coccidioides- endemic to SW US and Northern Mexico
Meningitis symptoms following close contact with pidgeon dropping indicates an infection by what?
Cryptococcus neoformans
Finding Candida in what body system is never normal?
Bloodstream- Disseminated infection
Normal in GI tract, urine, sputum, and stool
What bacteria is fungus-like and produces sulfur granules?
Actinomyces
What organism forms fruiting balls in old lung cavities?
Aspergillis-> causes aspergillosis
What yeast forms pseudohyphae?
Candida albicans
What organism leads to hypo and hyper pigmented macules on the skin with no other symptoms? What is the disease called?
Malassezia furfur
Called Tinea versicolar
What organisms cause small violet lesions that look like cauliflower when clumped together?
Chromoblastomycosis (chromomycosis)
What types of hypersensitivity reactions can Aspergillis cause in the lungs? What is this presentation called?
Causes type 1 (IgE mediated) and delayed type hypersensitivity reactions
Allergic bronchopulmonary Aspergillosis (ABPA)
A diabetic presents with black nasal discharge. Immediate thought should be:
Mucor (Rhinocerebral Murcomycosis)
What fungus-like bacteria is weakly acid-fast? Where does it commonly produce abscesses?
Nocardia
Known for brain abscesses
Vaginal discharge that has a “cottage-cheese” appearance indicates what kind of infection?
Candida albicans- Yeast
What fungal infection is associated with Hepatocellular carcinoma? What is the toxin called?
Aspergillus fumigatus
Produce aflatoxins-> carcinogenic
What are the names of the organisms that form Athlete’s foot, Jock itch, and Body and scalp ringworm, respectively?
Tinea pedis- Athletes foot
Tinea cruris- Jock itch
Tinea corporis- Ringworm on body
Tinea capitis- Ringworm on scalp
An AIDS presenting with severe diarrhea is most likely infected with what fungal organism?
Cryptosporidium parvum
What fungi is heavily encapsulated and causes meningitis?
Cryptococcus neoformans
How is oral thrush different from hairy leukoplakia?
Oral thrush can be scraped off (Candida)
Leukoplakia cannot be scraped off (EBV)
What is the most common cause of interstitial pneumonia in AIDS patients?
Pneumocystis jirovecii- PCP pneumonia
Diffuse, patchy, infiltrates
What is a good way to diagnose both superficial and cutaneous fungal infections?
KOH prep
What superficial fungal infection causes painless black lesions on the hands, soles, and possibly nails?
Tinea nigra (Exophilia wernekii)
Where would someone be expected to contract Histoplasmosa and Blastomyces?
Mississippi river valley areas
Anything other then superficial pharyngeal involvement of Candida albicans is what until proven otherwise?
T cell defect (AIDS, etc.)
