Fungi

Question 1

• Characteristics: Trophic? Reproduction? Cellularity? Wall? Sterol? Capsule?
• Naming: Reproduction? Called mycota in? Growth forms? Supericial vs? Acquired from?
  1. ) Yeast: Cellular? reproduction? types? in soln?
  2. ) Pseudohyphae: Elongated? Look like? Each link seperates?
  3. ) Hyphae: Tubular filaments with? Cellular?
  4. ) Dimorphic: May exist as? (2) Hyphal =? Yeast =? Classic thermal dimorphic pneumatic?
  5. ) Pleomorhic: Loss of? Common in? On dish?
• Aerial hypahe? Vegetative hyphae? Rhizoids? Septate?

Answer 1

• Heterotrophic; sexual/asexual; uni/multi cellular; rigid w/ chitin; ergosterol; some have polysac. cap
• Yes; Linnean kingdom style; yes; systemic/deep; soil, animals, or other
  1. ) Unicellular; asexual; fission or budding, white/pasty
  2. ) Yeasts; sausage; unicellular organism
  3. ) Branching off septae; multicellular
  4. ) Yeast or hyphal; saprophytes (in nature); parasitic (in tissue); Some Can Have Both Phases
  5. ) Typical characteristics; older species; focal raised center then normal
• project in air; within medium; roots; cell wall b/n hyphae

Question 2

Asexual Spores:

1. ) Conidium: Borne off? Size? Look like?
2. ) Sporangium: Endospores in? Look like? (2)
3. ) Chlamydospores: Resistant? Like? Type of hyphae? Wall?
4. ) Arthrospores: Type of hyphae? Walls? Look?
5. ) Spherules: Large spores filled with?
6. ) Blastocondida: Bud how? Happens with?
   - Diagnosis: 1.) Clinical suspsicion 2.) Direct exam: Add what? Why? 3.) Culture tissue on? Why? 4.) Histology with PAS/D to stain? Micucaramine? Gomoris silver? 5.) Serology, PCR

Answer 2

1. ) Aerial hyphae; macro/micro; birds on wire
2. ) Sacs; tether ball or conidium
3. ) yes; anthrax; vegetative; rounded off terminally or intercalaray
4. ) Vegetative; thick; vertebrae/ice cubes
5. ) Endospore
6. ) assymmetrically; yeast
   - KOH to kill human stuff; Sabaruds agar (non selective); Chitin, poly sac capsule, cell wall

Question 3

Meds: Selective Toxicity? (2)

1. ) Polyenes: Do what? Cidal? Terms for AR?
2. ) Imidazoles/triazoles: Cidal? Action?
3. ) Allyamines: Cidal? Action? Inhibit what?
4. ) Echinocandins: Newest? Action? Work well for? (2)
5. ) Others that don’t target what?

Answer 3

• Ergosterol; chitinous wall
• Punch holes; cidal; shake and bake
• Static; inhibit 14-demethylase
• Cidal; Block ergosterol earlier; Squalene epoxidase
• yes; Inhibit 1-3glucan synthase; candida/aspergellus
• Ergosterol