Derm Diseases

Question 1

Inflamm. Skin Disease:

1. ) Irritant Dermatitis: Due to? Not? Exposure? Common irritants? (6) Often occurs where?
2. ) Atopic Dermatitis: Usually starts when? Often related to? (2) Mutation in? Leads to? IgE? Mediated by? Location 0-2 years? 2-12? 12+?
3. ) Contact Dermititis: Exposure to? Leads to? Type hyper? Mediated by? Cytokines? Test? Common causes? (5)
4. ) Stasis Dermatitis: Location? Due to? Treatment? (4) Thick scaly placques that may come? Ulcers?

Answer 1

1. ) Direct cytotoxic effect; immunological mediation; single or repeated; hand washing, perfume, wool, raw food, body fluids; creases
2. ) Before 5 yo; asthma/ allergic rhinitis; filagrinn; disrupted barrier; high; TH2; Cheeks/arms; flexural skin; eye lids/ hands
3. ) Small antigen; memory T cells; type 4; TH1; TNFa and IL1; patch test; Nickel, cobalt, poison ivy, fragerence, neomycin
4. ) Lower extremities; chronic edema; compression, elevation, exercise, steroids; Lichen simplex; sometimes

Question 2

Inflamm. Skin Disease:

5. ) Nummular Dermatitis: Looks like? Locations (3) Treatment?
6. ) Seborrheic dermatitis: What in kids? Comes back when? Where? Due to? (2) Maybe linked with ? (2)
7. ) Psoriasis: Requires? Dilated what? Looks like? Other involvement? (2) a.) Chronic plaque location? b.) guttate associated with? c.) erythroderma 4.) pustular; all types increase risk of?
   - Dermatitis vs. cellulitis?

Answer 2

5. ) Doscoid eczema; legs, arms, trunk; cortocoster.
6. ) Cradle cap; later in life, face; neuroconditions, dandruff
7. ) Right environmental factor; capillary loops; plaques with white on them; arthritis, low grade inflammation; extensor regions; strep; CVD
   - Derm = Epidermis/Dermis
   - Cellulitis = Dermis/ subcutaneous

Question 3

Skin Tumors:

1. ) Vascular Tumors: a.) Cherry Hemangioma: Common in? Primarily where? Underlying disease?
   b. ) Hemangioma: Common in? Found where? Due to? More common in? Stain? Prolif for? Then? 3 complications? (3)
2. ) Vascular malformation: a.) Port wine stain: Does not stain? Mutation of GNAQ is? Complications? (2)
3. ) Sebaceous Gland: a.) Nevus sebaceous: Lesions on? HRAS/KRAS are? Alopecia?
   b. ) Sebacious hyperplasia: Oil gland? Often on?
4. ) Aerochondran: a.) Skin tag: Stock of?
5. ) Adipocyte: a.) Lipoma: Tumor of?

Answer 3

1. ) a.) Adults; trunk; no
   b. ) Kids, cheeks/face; capillary defect; girls; GLUT-1; 3 mo’s; regress; eye, beard area, nasal
2. ) GLUT-1; Somatic mutation; Klippel Travanney (legs as well), Sturge Weber = many issues
3. ) a.) Scalp; mutated; yes
   b. ) Tumor; face
4. ) fibrous fat
5. ) Soft tissue

Question 4

Skin Tumors:

6. ) Fibroblast: a.) Dermatofibroma: Usually on? Dimple sign? Round and?
   b. ) Keloid: What is it?
7. ) Keratinocyte: a.) Seborrheic keratosis: Another name? Appearance? Often seen on faces of?
8. ) Melanocytes: Nevi: Intradermal located where? Junctional located where? Compound located? Blue? Congenital? Slight risk of? Dysplastic resemble? Acquired or familial?
   - FAMM: Linked to what genes? (2)
   - NF: AD? Fleshy papules? Incr. melanocytes

Answer 4

6. ) a.) Legs; positive; depressed
   b. ) Hypertrophic scar
7. ) Barnacles of life; pasted on; AA’s
8. ) Dermis only; Junction of epi/dermis; Mixture of intra and junctional; abundant melanin; can be huge, MM; MM; Can be either
   - CDK/CMM genes
   - Yes; neurofibromas; Cafe-au-lait

Question 5

Skin Cancer:

• Most common what? How many in US/yr?
• KEratinocyte cancers? Melanin cancers?
• Risk factors? (2)
  1. ) BCC: lesion location? Most common in? Fatal? Most common sub type? Borders?
• Genes: Hesdgehog –> LOF? Blocks? Treat?
• Actinic Keratosis: Most common what? Leads to?
  2. ) SCC: Common? Looks like? Risk factors? (4)
• Keratoacanthoma? Most likely SCC to metasta?
• Transplant patients?
• Treatments? (4)

Answer 5

• Form of cancer; 3.5 million/year
• SCC/BCC; MM
• Fair skin/ UV exposure
  1. ) Deeper lesion; Form in US; Rarely; Nodular; often rolled boarders
• PTCH1 which should block SMO; Vismodegib
• Pre cancer; SCC (65%); BCC (36%)
  2. ) 2nd most common form; chalky white bulge; UV, thermal; HPV; burns; volcano like subtype; lip lesion
• 4:1 SCC:BCC; 1:4 SCC:BCC
• Topical chemo, excision, MOH’s, radiation

Question 6

Skin Cancer:

3. ) Melenoma: 2 screening tools? Common mutation? Treat with? Most common cancer in who? Only cancer with? Ranks where in CO cancers? Acral Lentiginous means?
   - Breslow depth?
   - Clarks level? (5 regions?)
   - Prevention?
   - SPF is the ability to block? Broad spectrum? Windows don’t block what?

Answer 6

• ABCDE/ ugly duckling; BRAF; vemurafinib; young adults; incidence increasing; 5th; in the nail bed
• MM deep as important prognostic factor
• Anatomic invasion, epi, pap derm, junction, retic derm, sub cutaneous fat
• Less UV exposure, sun screen
• UVB; also gets UVA; UVA