Fungi Flashcards
List the two types of fungi
Filamentous and yeast
List the 3 types of superficial fungal infection
Dermatophyte, Pityriasis Versicolour, ** CANDIDA ALBICANS - CANDIDIASIS
List the 3 types of dermatophye
Trichophyton, Microsporum, Epidermophyton
What is the clinical feature of dermatophyte infection?
Tinea rash
What is the clinical feature of pityriasis versicolour?
Hyper and hypopigmentation
What is the clinical feature of candida albicans?
Candidiasis:
1. Oral thrust
2. Vaginal yeast infection
List the special feature of pityriasis versicolour & candida albicans
Di-morphic (both filamentous and yeast)
What is the first line drug (s) for oral candida?
Nystatin & Echinocandins
What is the first line drug (s) for oral candida, if the patient is pregnant?
Nystatin
What is the first line drug (s) for oral candida, if the patient has kidney impairment?
Echinocandins
What is the organism that causes subcutaenous fungal infection?
Sporothrix schenckii
Clinical feature of subcutaenous fungal infection
Sporotrichosis - Rose gardener disease
- Deep red lesions along a lymphatic system (一粒粒 of infected lymph nodes)
- Under microscope, fungi look like a rose garden
List the 4 types of systemic fungal infection
Cryptococcus, Aspergillosis, Systemic candida & Mucormycosis
What are the 2 types of cryptococcus and which causes diease?
Neoformans (meningitis) and gattii.
How does cryptococcus and aspergillus spp. enter our bodies?
Inhalation
Which group of patients is susceptible to systemic fungal infections?
Immunocompromised
What diseases do cryptococcus cause?
Pneumonia and meningitis
What diseases do aspergillus cause and describe the disease
Pulmonary aspergillosis - fungal balls in the lung that can be seen in an Xray
How is cryptococcus identified under microscope?
Stain with india ink because it is a CAPSULATED yeast
What diseases do systemic candida cause
Fungal balls in the retina, Hepatosplenic candidiasis
What diseases do mucormycosis cause
Black skin lesions on wrist and ‘cheerios’ signs in the lungs
List the other 2 di-morphic fungi
Pneumocystis jiroveci & Talaromyces marneffei
Describe Pneumocystis jiroveci
- Pnemonia in immunocompromised patients (esp AIDS)
- Does not respond to antifungals but to antibiotics: co-trimoxazole
- Microscopy need to use SILVER STAIN
- Cannot diagnose with culture
Describe Talaromyces marneffei
- Severe skin lesions in immunocompromised patients (esp AIDS)
- Diagnosed via culture in red pigment due to characteristic appearance: red mouldy sponge
What is the first line drug for cryptococcus meningitis?
Amp B + 5 Flucytosine
What is the first line drug for aspergillosis?
Voriconazole
