Fungi Flashcards

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1
Q

Histoplasmosis:

  1. Endemic area?
  2. Features: (5)
  3. Sx:
A
  1. Endemic area: southwest (Mississippi, Ohio river)
  2. Features: hides in macrophages, assoc with bird, bat dropping, dimorphic, cause pneumonia, can form granuloma but cant transmit person to person
  3. Sx: miSSissiPPi
    skin (erythema nodosum), splenomegaly, palate/tongue ulcers, pancytopenia)
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2
Q

Blastomycosis

  1. Endemic area?
  2. Features: (4)
  3. Sx:
A
  1. Endemic area: central, east (Great Lake)
  2. Features: buds broadly, dimorphic, cause pneumonia, can form granuloma but cant transmit person to person
  3. Sx: bone, skin (verrucous)
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3
Q

Coccidioidomycosis

  1. Endemic area?
  2. Features: (3)
  3. Sx:
A
  1. Endemic area: east (California)
  2. Features: NON-dimorphic (spherules), cause pneumonia, can form granuloma but cant transmit person to person
  3. Sx: Jilat My Sexy Boner in California
    joint, meningitis, skin (erythema nodosum/multiforme), bone
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4
Q

ParaCoccidioidomycosis

  1. Endemic area?
  2. Features: (4)
  3. Sx:
A
  1. Latin america
  2. Captain wheel, dimorphic, cause pneumonia, can form granuloma but cant transmit person to person
  3. same with blastomycosis
    bone, skin (verrucous), lung
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5
Q

Aspergillus

  1. Morphology
  2. Affected areas:
  3. Treatment
A
  1. budding yeast with pseudohyphae at 20 degree C, germ tubes at 37 deg C, 45 degree angle branching septate hyphae with fruiting bodies
  2. ABPA, pneumonia (cavitation with fungus balls)
  3. Echinocandins (caspofungin)
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6
Q

Candida

  1. Morphology
  2. Treatment
A
  1. budding yeast with pseudohyphae at 20 degree C
  2. Nystatin: oral, vaginal
    Caspofungins: esophagitis
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7
Q

Name fungi with pseudohyphae

A

aspergillus, candida

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8
Q

Cryptococcus

  1. Morphology in various test
  2. Culture agar
  3. Tx
A
  • yeast
  • Indian ink: soap bubble appearance
  • Mucicarmine: polysaccharide capsules stained red
  • Latex agglutination test: agglutination present (most specific)
  • culture in Saboraud agar
  • tx: amphotericin B + flucytosine
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9
Q

Mucormycosis

  1. Morphology
  2. Presentation
  3. Ppl at risk
A
  1. non septate hyphae that branch at right angle
  2. black eschar, penetrate cribriform plate (sinusitis, orbital cellulites, frontal abscess)
  3. DKA, immunosuppression
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