fungal toe infections

Question 1

what are the symptoms of fungal toe infections?

Answer 1

• As the infection progresses, the nail unit may discolour, the nail plate distorts, and the nail bed and adjacent tissue may thicken
• The nails are prone to brittleness and therefore may break off

Question 2

what are the red flags for fungal toe infections?

Answer 2

• Patients with diabetes
• When two or more nails are infected
• Treatment failure with OTC options

Question 3

what is the lifestyle advice for fungal toe infections?

Answer 3

• Keep nails trimmed short and filed down – avoid sharing toenail clippers with family members
• Wear well-fitting non-occlusive shoes, without high heels or narrow toes
• Wear cotton, absorbent socks
• Maintain good foot hygiene, including prompt treatment of any associated tinea pedis
• Avoid prolonged or frequent exposure to warm, damp conditions if possible
• Avoid trauma to the nails if possible

Question 4

what are the drug treatment options for fungal toe infections?

Answer 4

Treatment is not necessary in asymptomatic cases, but in patients that are bothered by the appearance of the nails or are having difficulties with daily activities (e.g. pain on walking) a topical antifungal treatment may be suitable
• Amorolfine 5% nail lacquer can be bought OTC if there are less than or equal to two nails infected
o This treatment is applied once or twice weekly to the affected nail(s) after gentle nail filing