Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Dermatology > Fungal Infections > Flashcards

Fungal Infections Flashcards

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
Dermatology Board Prep flashcards
1
Q

Likes moist, occluded skin

Host factors: IC, Diabetes, Obesity, Hyperhydrosis, Steroid therapy

Typically presents as thick, white curdy material

A

Candidiasis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What is the causative agent in Candidiasis?

A

Candida albicans

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Chronic asymptomatic scaling epidermomycosis

Characterized by well-demarcated scaling patches with variable
pigmentation occurring most commonly on the trunk

In areas of sun-induced pigmentation 🡪 commonly presents after UV exposure

Age of onset – young adults (can affect all ages)

Duration can be months to years

Typically asymptomatic - May have mild pruritis

A

Pityriasis/Tinea Versicolor

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

This condition is also called Tinea Versicolor

A

Pityriasis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What is the causative organism for Pityriasis/Tinea Versicolor?

A

Malassezia globose (yeast-like fungus)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What are some predisposing factors for the development of Pityriasis/Tinea Versicolor?

A

High temperatures/relative humidity (warm, moist environments)

Oily skin

Hyperhidrosis

Hereditary factors

Glucocorticoid treatment

Immunodeficiency

Lipid application (i.e. Cocoa butter)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Well-demarcated scaling patches usually on trunk with variable pigmentation

Ring-like pattern, or circular

Dribble-down pattern

Vary in size

Discoloration:
Untanned skin- lesions are light brown
Tanned skin - lesions are white
Dark skin - lesions are dark brown

Mild pruritis

A

Pityriasis Versicolor

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What are the diagnostic tests to diagnose Pityriasis Versicolor?

A

KOH prep will show “spaghetti and meatballs” - Large blunt hyphae and thick walled budding spores

Wood’s lamp - Blue-green fluorescence

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What are some treatment options for Pityriasis Versicolor?

A

Selenium sulfide
2.5% ketoconazole shampoo
Oral Ketoconazole
Terbinafine (Lamisil) 1% solution
“azole” creams
Oral only if severe

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Dermatophyte infections of the trunk, legs, arms, and/or neck (excludes feet, hands, and groin)

Affects all ages

Transmission - Autoinoculation from other parts of the body, contact with animals or contaminated soil

Occupational risk – animal workers

Incubation period: days to months

Typically asymptomatic - May have mild pruritis

A

Tinea Corporis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What is the causative agent of Tinea Corporis?

A

T. rubrum (most common)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Single and occasionally scattered lesions

Small to large scaling, sharply marginated plaques with or without pustules or vesicles (usually at margins)

Peripheral enlargement and central clearing produces annular
configuration with concentric rings or arcuate lesions (forms arches)

A

Tinea Corporis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

List some other conditions to consider in your differential diagnoses when evaluating for tinea corporis

A

Psoriasis
Lupus erythematous
Syphilis
Granuloma annulare
Pityriasis rosea

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What are the treatment options for Tinea Corporis?

A

Azole creams

Griseofulvin (if need systemic therapy)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Dermatophytic infection of the foot

Can spread to other sites

Age of onset: Late childhood or young adults (Ages 20-50 years most common)

More common in males than women

Transmission - Walking barefoot on contaminated floors

Arthrospores can survive in human scales for 12 months

A

Tinea Pedis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What are some predisposing factors for tinea pedis?

A

Hot, humid weather
Occlusive footwear
Excessive sweating

17
Q

What are the four types of tinea pedis?

A

Interdigital type
Moccasin type
Inflammatory/Bullous type
Ulcerative Type

18
Q

What are some preventative measure for tinea pedis?

A

Wear shower shoes

Wash with benzoyl peroxide bar

Allow feet to dry before putting on
socks and shoes

19
Q

What is the treatment for tinea pedis?

A

“azoles” - apply to affected sites BID for 2-4 weeks

20
Q

What type of tinea pedis is described below?

Two patterns: Dry, scaling; Maceration

Peeling and fissuring between the toe webs

Hyperhidrosis common

Most common site: between 4th and 5th toes

Can spread to adjacent areas of the feet

Treatment -
Acute: Burows solution
Chronic: aluminum chloride hexahydrate 20% (BID)

A

Interdigital Type

21
Q

What type of tinea pedis is described below?

Well-demarcated erythema with minute papules on margin, fine
white scaling, and hyperkeratosis

Confined to heels, soles, lateral borders of the feet

Involving area covered by a “ballet slipper”

Bilateral involvement common

Most difficult to treat

A

Moccasin Type

22
Q

Which type of tinea pedis is hardest to treat?

A

Moccasin Type

23
Q

What type of tinea pedis is described below?

Vesicles or bullae filled with clear fluid

Pus usually indicates secondary S. aureus infection or group A streptococcus

Treatment:
Acute: use cool compresses
Severe: systemic glucocorticoids are indicated

A

Inflammatory/Bullous Type

24
Q

What type of tinea pedis is described below?

Extension of interdigital tinea pedis onto dorsal and plantar foot

Usually complicated by bacterial infection

A

Ulcerative Type

25
Q

List some other conditions to consider in your differential diagnoses when evaluating for tinea pedis

A

Interdigital erythrasma
Psoriasis
Contact dermatitis
Vesicolor lesions
Scabies
Toe web infections

26
Q

AKA jock itch

Etiology - Confined to the groin area and gluteal cleft

Itching may be severe or the rash may be asymptomatic

The lesion may have sharp margins, cleared centers, and active spreading scaly peripheries

Follicular pustules are sometimes encountered

They may be hyperpigmented on resolution

A

Tinea Cruris

27
Q

List some other conditions to consider in your differential diagnoses when evaluating for tinea cruris

A

Candidasis
Seborrheic dermatitis
Interring
psoriasis

28
Q

What is the treatment for tinea cruris?

A

Drying powders may be dusted into the involved area
Topical “azoles” once daily for 7 days
Griseofulvin 250-500mg BID 1-2 weeks

Dermatology (17 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions