fungal disease - general Flashcards
four main types of fungal disease
superficial mycoses
subcutaneous mycoses
deep seated-systemic mycoses
invasive mycoses
four main types of fungal disease
superficial mycoses
subcutaneous mycoses
deep seated-systemic mycoses
invasive mycoses
most common type of fungal disease
superficial dermatophytes
candida is
the second most numerous agent of fungal infection in the world
invasive infection is much
rarer than superficial
epidemiological fata
is notoriously poor because fungal infections are often misdiagnosed
which is the only disease that must be reported t the CDC
valley fever- coccidiodomycosis
major risk factors that predispose to fungal infections
Cancer or leukaemia Diabetes mellitus Transplant Massive doses of antibiotics malnutrition Infection with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)
superficial mucosal infection affect
skin, hair, nails, mucous membranes
three type of superficial mucosal infection
dermatophytes, Candida, Malassezia
dermatophytes e.g.
tine pets (athletes food, ring worm)
dermatophytes
superficial infection of the skin, hair and nails.
- filamentous fungi
- infections are named according to site
scalp
Tinea captis
beard
Tinea barbae
body
Tinea corporis
groin
Tinea crusis
foot
Tinea pedis
Tina pedis
athletes foot
Tina corporis
ring rom
most common type of fungal disease
superficial dermatophytes
candida is
the second most numerous agent of fungal infection in the world
invasive infection is much
rarer than superficial
epidemiological fata
is notoriously poor because fungal infections are often misdiagnosed
which is the only disease that must be reported t the CDC
valley fever- coccidiodomycosis
major risk factors that predispose to fungal infections
three types o superficial mycoses–> AIDS
–> tose on immunosuppressive medications e.g. organ transoms
superficial mucosal infection affect
skin, hair, nails, mucous membranes
three type of superficial mucosal infection
dermatophytes, Candida, Malassezia
dermatophytes e.g.
tine pets (athletes food, ring worm)
dermatophytes
superficial infection of the skin, hair and nails.
- filamentous fungi
- infections are named according to site
scalp
Tinea captis
beard
Tinea barbae
body
Tinea corporis
groin
Tinea crusis
foot
Tinea pedis
Tina pedis
athletes foot
Tina corporis
ring worm
Candida e.g.
thrush
Malassezia sp
e.g. Dandruff, Pityriasis versicolor
subcutaneous mycoses infections occur through
puncture wounds e.g.The causative organisms normally live in the soil living on rotting vegetation. They can get pricked into the skin as a result of an injury but usually stay localised at the site of implantation.
examples of subcutaneous mycoses infections
rare: black moulds, madurella mycoses
black moulds
chromoblastomycosis
deep seated/systemic infections
single deep organ or dissemination
as many people die from the top 10 invasive fungal diseases
as from TB or malaria
90% of all fungi related deaths are from
cyrptococcus, candida, aspergillum and pneumocystis
systemic fungal infections may occur
from breathing in the spores of fungi, which normally live in the soil or rotting vegetation or as opportunistic disease in immune compromised individuals.
inhaled fungal infection
Although uncommon, some may infect healthy individuals. The result is most often a mild infection and long lasting resistance to further attack, but occasionally these infections are more serious and chronic (especially in the immune suppressed). The organisms causing systemic fungal infections include:
Histoplasmosis Coccidioidomycosis (North and South America)
opportunistic pathogens
Other systemic mycoses only infect those who are already sick or with an immunodeficiency disorder
