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Tropical Medicine > Fungal > Flashcards

Fungal Flashcards

1
Q

Anaplasma phagocytophilum- vector, Sx, labs, Tx

A

within 3 weeks of a tick bite

fever/rigors, headache, myalgia, V, possible neurologic

low PLT, low WBC, elevated LFT empiric

treatment with doxycycline

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2
Q

Aspergillosis- micro, Tx

A

dichotamous branching

surgical excision

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3
Q

Black Peidra- Sx, Tx

A

Black nodules on hairs

breakage

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4
Q

Blastomycosis- geo, Sx, Dx, Tx

A

Midwest, Africa 50%

Sx- pulmonary, skin, multiorgan

broad based budding

itraconazole, ampho B

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5
Q

Chromomycosis- micro, Sx, DDx

A

coffee bean

skin lesions with black dots

psoriasis, SCC

itracon plus flucytosone; terbinafine, ampho B, local Tx

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6
Q

Chronic paracoccidiomycosis- age, Sx

A

Adult

Chronic pneumonia with painful skin lesions

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7
Q

CNS fungal with high opening pressure

A

Cryptococcal

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8
Q

Coccidiomycoses- source, geo, Sx, Dx, Tx

A

inhaled soil

Americas

bag of marbles

none 60%, flu, pulmonary, erythema nodosum

ampho B

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9
Q

Cryptococcus- agents, geo, Sx, Tx

A

C. neoformans and C. gatii

worldwide

pneumonia, menigitis, molluscum-like rash

amphoB+ flucytosine 6 wks, then PO fluconazole

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10
Q

Histo finding not seen with blasto

A

hilar LAD

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11
Q

Histoplasmosis- agent, source, Sx, Dx, DDx, Tx

A

H. capsulatum

soil- bird, bats

acute lung, chronic lung, dissem in HIV (LAD, HSM, wt loss, mulloscum like rash, skin abscess, ulcers

Ag or Cx, serology (only 1% in endemic)

DDx sarcoid

ampho B, itraconazole

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12
Q

Lobomycosis- geo, clinical, reservoir, micro, Tx, severity

A

South America and Central America (high Brazil)

minor skin trauma -> promoting scar-like lesions

Dolphin-to-human transmission reported

Dx- KOH, PAS and silver positive- rosary chain

Tx: surgery, clofazamine +/- itraconazole No deaths from lobomycosis have occurred.

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13
Q

MAC Sx

A

fever, weight loss, LAD, HSM, cytopenias

looks like TB but clear lungs

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14
Q

Madura foot- causes, Tx

A

mycetoma due to fungal (eumycetes) or bacteria (actinomyces, Nocardia)

amputation may be needed for fungal

streptomycin or rifampicin for bacterial

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15
Q

Malarone can be used down to ___ kg

A

5

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16
Q

Mycetoma- location, 2 types and Tx

A

esp feet (Madura foot) can spread deeper, sinus tract

eumycetoma (fungal)- septate hyphae PAS pos and gram neg; Tx Itraconazole, surgical excision actinomycemtoma

(bacterial- most)- branching filaments PAS neg and gram pos; Tx Streptomycin and cotrimoxazole

17
Q

Paracoccidiomycoses- geo, micro, Sx (acute, chronic), Tx

A

Central and South Amercia

pilot wheel

acute in 10% but 11% mortality

LAD, HSM, aplastic anemia

Chronic- lung, oral, skin, adrenal, CNS, bone…

ampho B, itraconazole

18
Q

Penicillinosis reservior

A

rat

19
Q

Penicilliosis- agent, geo, Sx, Dx, Tx

A

Penicillium marneffei

Asia

umbilicated papular rash (DDx molluscum) intra and extra cellular yeast on Bx

ampho B -> intraconazole

20
Q

Pneumocystic jirovecii- Sx, Dx, Tx (4), proph

A

slow onset dry cough, malaise, hypoxia

BAL better than sputum- immunofluor or silver stain

25% have nl CXR

steroids for severe, bactrim (primaquin, clinda, malarone)

proph bactrim CD4

21
Q

Sporothrichosis- agent, source, Sx (3), Tx

A

dimorphic fungus

moss, hay, soil

skin, lymphocutaneous, pulmonary, arthritic

Skin- saturated solution of potassium iodide, itraconazole, ampho, surgery

22
Q

Sx and age of acute paracoccidiomycosis

A

Children

lymphadenitis, abscesses with sinus tracts

fevers, HSM and weight loss

23
Q

Majocchi’s grauloma- agent, patient, Sx, Tx

A

T. rubrum

immunocompromised

red perifollicular

PO

24
Q

Tinea nigra- agent, DDx, Tx

A

Hortaeo werneckii

melanoma

salicyclate, tretenoin, azoles

25
Q

Treatent for cryptococcal meningitis

A

Amphotericin B with flucytosine and serial lumbar punctures followed by fluconazole alone

26
Q

Trichostrongyloides effect

A

large losses in livestock

like hookworm in human

27
Q

Unique organ affected by histo

A

Adrenal

28
Q

Valley fever, Desert rheumatism

A

Coccidiomycoses

29
Q

What percent of PJP CXR are abnormal

A

75%

30
Q

What percent of PJP CXR are abnormal

A

75%

31
Q

White peidra

A

Trichosporon

white nodules- more facial and oubic

shave, topical ketoconazole

Tropical Medicine (7 decks)

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