Bacterial Flashcards
2 countries with highest Leprosy
Brazil, India
2 rickettsia with higher mortality (40% UnTx)
RMSF
epidemic typhus
3 spirochetes
lepstospirosis, treponema, Borrelia
3 typhus types: disease, agent, vector
Epidemic- R. prowazekii- Louse
Scrub- O. tsutsu- Mites/chiggers
Murine- R. typhi- flea
acute watery diarrhea causes CCERN
rotovirus, norovirus, cholera, cryptosporidium, ETEC
African Tick Borne Fever- agent, vector, skin
R. africae
tick
eschar, often vesicular rash
Anthrax- agent, micro, bioterror, transmission, incubation max, Sx, Tx, special
Bacilius anthracis
gram pos rod
1
arerosol, contect, ingest
typical 1-7 d but pulmonary up to 43 day
95% cutaneous- painless eschar with edema and satellite vesicles, Do NOT debride
Inhalation- mortality up to 90%; Hemorrhagic mediastinal lymphadenitis (wide mediastinum)
GI- dysentery, ascites, sepsis (mortality > 50%)
Cipro (doxy, amp)- use 2 agents
Resistant to EtOH
Bacillary angiomatosis- agent, pt, Sx, Tx
B. henselae and B. Quintana
immunocompromised
vascular lesions, may ulcerate
doxy/macrolide
Bacillus anthracis- micro, portal (3), 2 findings, Dx (3), Tx, proph, mortality
gram pos rod
cutaneous (most), GI, inhalation
painless ulcer with lots edema and vesicles; widened mediastinum
culture, biopsy, serology
quinolone (multidrug)
doxy exposure prophylaxis for 60 days; PEP
20% UnTx cutaneous, 90% pulmonary
Bacterial diarrhea needing ABx
ETEC, EAEC, Shigella
Bartonella vectors
bacilliformis- sandfly
hensaleae- flea
quintana- louse
Bartonella- micro, 3 types, vectors and Sx
gram neg rod flagella intracellular
B. bacilloformis – bartonellosis (Oroyo, Verruga peruana- Carrion dz) in Andes, sand-fly; Tx chloramp + PCN
B. henselae- flea, cat scratch (zithro), bacillary angiomatosis (HIV), endocarditis (culture negative)
B. quintana- trench fever due louse (doxy), endocarditis, bacillary angiomatosis
Bartonellosis- agent, vector, 2 forms dz, Tx
B. Bacilliformis
sand fly
Oromo and Verruga peruana
Chloramphenicol and PCN
BCG partial protection against 3
TB, Bureli ulcer, leprosy
bejel- cause, Sx
endemic syphilis
ulcers of lips and oropharynx
Best culture source for S. typhi
bone marrow
Bioterror categories
A- airborne, sturdy, easily grown; e.g. anthrax, small pox, plague, tularemia, ebola, botulism (P. BATES)
B- moderately easy to produce, moderate Sx; e.g. Q-fever, brucellosis, ricin, glanders, meliodosis, typhus, staph, salmonella, shigella, E. coli O157:H7, cholera
C- more difficult to produce and distribute
Botulism- agent, micro, transmission, incubation max, Sx, Tx
Clostridium botulinum toxin
gram pos rod
aerosol, ingest
10 days max
Neuro- CN, descending paralysis, pupils fixed/dilated, autonomic dysfxn
Supportive, equine antitoxin
Brucellosis- micro, source, Dx, Tx
gram neg intracellular coccobacilli
dairy, meat, hunting/skin, inhalation
Cx- esp marrow or tissue
doxy, rifampin, bactrim
Brucellosis- source, Sx, Tx
animal milk, urine, afterbirth; labs (many farm animals)
Arthritic, Miscarriage. Orchitis. Heptatis, Peritonitis,
Meningitis, Endocarditis (most mortality)
PO doxy + rifampicin AND 2 wks streptomycin or gent
Bubonic plague- agent, frequency, Sx, Tx, prophylaxis
Yersinia pestis
90%
Bubos, LAD, fever, sepsis UnTx
streptomycin
doxy and cipro
bubos can be caused by (3)
Bubonic plague
Lymphgramuloma venereum
Chancroid
Campylobacter- kids in developing vs developed
developing may have multiple
developed more inflammatory
Campylobacter- 2 main strains, micro, source, season, classic Sx, complication, Tx
C. jejuni (more industrialized) and C. coli
spiral neg rod with flagella
food (chicken), animal (no P2P)
more dry season
bloody stool, mimic appy
Guillian-Barre
ABx only IF high risk
highest identified travel diarrhea
fewer outbreaks in developing due to some immunity