Fundus Anomalies (Retina)

Question 1

torn by mechanical force, usually vitreous traction

Answer 1

Retinal tear

Question 2

when retina is torn, metaplastic pigment epithelial cells may enter vitreous

Answer 2

Retinal tear

Question 3

occurs where the retina is thinnest & least supported by nerve fibers at macula & near periphery

Answer 3

Retinal tear

Question 4

___________ destroys central vision; _________allow vitreous to seep through into potential space between retina & protect its pigment epitheliu

Answer 4

Macular tears; Peripheral tears

Question 4

-distinctive feature is avulsed tissue
-sharp greyish margin of recoiled retina

Answer 4

Retinal tear

Question 4

• px report shower of black spots that represent shadow macula caused by RBC in retrovitreal space
  -central vision difficulty

Answer 4

Retinal tear

Question 5

Vitreous traction (constant & intermittent)
Direct trauma
Anomalous zonular fibers

Answer 5

Retinal tear

Question 5

vitreous traction that is proliferative diabetic retinopathy, penetrating injuries & variety of other diseases cause scarring in vitreous

Answer 5

Constant vitreous traction

Question 6

treatment for Retinal tear

Answer 6

-Freezing (cryothermy) -destroy cells but leaves fibrous structure intact
-Burning by light (photocoagulation) - xenon arc or argon laser
-Burning by electricity (diathermy) - energy of high frequency transformed to heat, coagulates choroid & retina

Question 7

separation of retina occurring between layer of pigment epithelium & layer of rods & cones

Answer 7

Retinal detachment

Question 7

either primary of secondary

Answer 7

Retinal detachment

Question 8

loss of vision causing appearance of dark cloud before the eye

Answer 8

Retinal detachment

Question 9

early symptoms metamorphopsia & flashes of light (photopsia)

Answer 9

Retinal detachment

Question 10

central vision preserved but is lost if macula is included

Answer 10

retinal detachment

Question 11

If detachment is _____, the color appears but slightly changed, the retina somewhat cloudy & its vessels are darker & more tortous

Answer 11

flat

Question 12

If detachment is ____ it is usually near the periphery; usually found below

Answer 12

steep

Question 12

if detachment is _____ it presents collection of grayish, bluish greenish folds with white tops — blood vessels are usually tortous as hidden of a dark red, almost black color & smaller than normal

Answer 12

total