Fundus Anomalies (Choroid) Flashcards
inflammation of the choroid
Choroiditis
Classifications of Choroiditis
Acute & Chronic
due to perforating wounds of the eyeball
Exogenous (acute)
caused by infection localized elsewhere in body
Endogenous (acute)
occurs as an ocular manifestation of some internal disease such as syphilis or tuberculosis
Chronic
there are patches of exudation, each gradually shading into surrounding portions of choroud
Diffuse choroiditis
clinical varieties of posterior uveitis
Diffuse choroiditis
Disseminated choroiditis
Circumscribed choroiditis
Juxtapapillary choroiditis
Anterior choroiditis
Central choroiditis
form of circumscribed choroiditis which is adjacent to disk; usually oval
Juxtapapillary choroiditis
presents numerous round or irregular yellowish spots with fluffy bord scattered over the fundus
Disseminated choroiditis
single patch of yellowish color with fading edges is seen near the macula
Circumscribed choroiditis
presents foci of exudation similar to those found in disseminated choroiditis but limited to the periphery of the choroid
Anterior choroiditis
form of circumscribed choroiditis situated in macular regiion
Central choroiditis
Symptoms:
severe reduction/loss of central vision but peripheral vision is preserved
Central choroiditis
Symptoms
-seeing black spots & distortion of objects
Central choroiditis
Symptoms
-flashes of light, sparks of bright circles before the eyes
Central choroiditis
Ophthalmoscopic signs:
gray/white spot, usually half the size of disk, either mottled or in uniform in color, with more or less pigmentation scattered in irregular deposits or forming a border
Choroiditis
Ophthalmoscopic signs:
choroidal vessels forming a border
Choroiditis
Ophthalmoscopic signs
-lesion found in macular are
Choroiditis
Tuberculosis is the most common cause
Choroiditis
Etiology
-Tuberculosis (common cause)
-syphilis
-infection resulting from a perforating injury acute
-infectious disease of childhood
Choroiditis
Prognosis
-single patch involving macular region will seriously impair vision
Choroiditis
Prognosis
-dependent upon position of patches of exudation with subsequent atrophy
Choroiditis
occurs in adults, usually ages 40-60
Malignant Melanoma of Choroid
always primary & involves one eye only
Malignant Melanoma of Choroid
no symptoms, only sign may be discovered by chance; a brown or black, flat or slightly elevated, circumscribed mass in the choroid, slowly increase in size
Insidious stage
tumor grows out of the globe; metastasis frequently occurs in the liver
Stage of Extraocular Extensions or Mestasis
Ophthalmoscopic signs:
round or spindle-shaped cells, usually pigmented
Malignant Melanoma of Choroid
OS:
begins as flat disk-shaped mass in the outer layers of choroid
Malignant Melanoma of Choroid
defect in visual field or diminution in vision is the initial symptom, depending on location of tumor
Stage of clinical symptoms
tumor continue to increase in size & produce inflammatory signs as result of glaucoma & release of irritating necrotic products
Stage of Secondary glaucoma
