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Micro > Funds Quiz 2 > Flashcards

Funds Quiz 2 Flashcards

1
Q

What is metabolic syndrome ?

A 
Puts you at risk for diabetes:
Increased glucose levels 
Abdominal obesity 
Increased BP
High levels of triglycerides 
Decreased HDL
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2
Q

average Temperatures

A

98.6 Oral
Axillary (usually 1 degree less than oral)
Rectal ( usually 0.9 degrees higher than oral)
Tympanic (same as oral)
Temporal

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3
Q

How do vitamins work thru the body ?

A

They are absorbed thru the intestinal wall directly into the blood stream.
Water and fat soluble

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4
Q

Fasting plasma glucose levels

A

126 mg/dl

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5
Q

on the pulse volume scale, what is considered a normal pulse value?

A

+2

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6
Q

What types of cells secrete insulin in the pancreas?

A

Beta cells

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7
Q

What is the purpose of insulin ?

A

It moved glucose out of the blood into tissue for fuel esp in the brain.
Glucose is stored as glycogen
Stimulates protein synthesis and free fatty acids storage in adipose tissue

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8
Q

What are some examples of safety risks for a patient?

A 
Falls
Low Immune system
Healthcare associated Infections 
Medication errors 
Wrong side surgery
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9
Q

what is the normal respiration range for adults?

A

12-20 breaths per minutes

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10
Q

Type 2 diabetes

A

Decreased ability of the body to USE insulin
Is acquired.
Insulin resistant
Ketosis resistant

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11
Q

elevated bp

A

120-129/ <80

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12
Q

Name the 8 peripheral pulses

A 
radial
ulnar
brachial 
corotid
femoral 
popliteal 
pedal (dorsal and tibialis)
temporal
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13
Q

What is the RDA for protein ?

A

0.8 g/kg

10 - 35% total caloric intake

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14
Q

Secondary diabetes

A

Genetic defect of beta cells

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15
Q

Hypothermia

A

Body temperature is lower than normal

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16
Q

What type of fat burns calories ?

A

Brown fat

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17
Q

what are the 6 components of QSEN?*****

A
  1. patient center care
  2. teamwork and collaboration
  3. safety
  4. informatics
  5. Evidence based practice
  6. Quality involvement
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18
Q

what is the 5th vital sign?

A

Pain assessment

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19
Q

Risk factors for diabetes

A 
Family history 
Obesity >25 
Ethnicity 
Age >45
BP 140/90
Low cholesterol 
Triglycerides
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20
Q

Incidius

A

Comes slowly

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21
Q

asystole

A

no pulse

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22
Q

Orthopnea

A

shortness of breath when lying flat

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23
Q

What are the 3 P’s of type 1 diabetes?

A

Polyuria (increased urination)
Polydipsia) increased Thirst)
Polyphagia (increased hunger)

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24
Q

Hemoglobin A1C

A

Reflects glucose levels over past 2 - 3 months

Goal is <6.5%

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25
Q

What are vitamins needed for ?

A

The metabolism of carbs, proteins and fats

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26
Q

What is used for long term nutritional support?

A

An enterostomal tube.

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27
Q

HDL

A

High density lipoproteins “good cholesterol”

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28
Q

Dyspnea

A

Labored Breathing (difficulty)

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29
Q

BMR

A

Basal metabolic rate

The number of calories required to keep your body functioning while you are at rest. (Metabolism)

30
Q

Hemoglobin A1C level

A

6.5% > average blood sugar

31
Q

What causes breeches in patient safety?

A

miscommunication between healthcare
long 12 hour shifts
poor reporting of medical errors
poor patient education

32
Q

Vitamins are active in the form of what ?

A

Coenzymes

33
Q

Nasogastric tube

A

Thru nose to the stomach

34
Q

Diastole

A

Relaxation

35
Q

How do carbs work in the body ?

A

They are classified as simple or complex sugars that are converted into glucose for transport thru the body.

36
Q

What is the preferred route to deliver enteral nutrition to someone who is comatose?

A

A Gastrostomy

37
Q

Diabetes

A

A chronic disease characterized by either a deficiency of insulin or a decreased ability of the body to use insulin

38
Q

BMR for men/women

A

Men-about 1 cal/kg per hour

Women- about 0.9 cal/kg per hour

39
Q

QSEN**

A

Quality Safe Education of Nurses

40
Q

what is pulse oximetry

A

a measurement of the oxygen saturation of the hemoglobin molecule . Normal is >95%

41
Q

Type 1 diabetes

A 
Low insulin or none at all 
Distraction of beta cells 
Ketosis prone 
Insulin dependent 
3 p’s
Too much glucose in the blood stream, the body wants to get rid of it so kidneys help filter thru urination
42
Q

Factors that decrease BMR

A

Aging, prolonged fasting, sleep

43
Q

How many carbohydrates are needed daily ?

A

50 to 100 gm

44
Q

Pancreas makes insulin, insulin is necessary in order to allow glucose into cells.
If glucose can’t get into the cell, it builds up in the bloodstream and causes a water shift from inside the cells into the blood When there is too much water in the blood, the kidneys make you pee more often. When all the sugar is in the blood and it can’t get into the cells bc there is no insulin, it’s like the person is starving

A

:)

45
Q

Ketones

A

Made in the liver for fat breakdown

46
Q

what is the most accurate way to take temperature?

A

Rectal

47
Q

Hyperthermia

A

Body temperature is higher than normal

48
Q

what are Carbohydrates?

A

Sugars, starches and lactose

49
Q

what is a normal adult BP?

A

120/80

50
Q

SBAR

A

Situation, Background, Assessment, Recommendation

51
Q

Apical pulse

A

the most direct way to auscultate pulse (s1 Lum, s2 dum)

52
Q

Exogenous insulin

A

Insulin from an outside source

Required by type 1

53
Q

Pulse volume assessment

A

4 point scale for messing pulse. 0 = absent +4 = bounding

54
Q

Factors that increase BMR

A

Growth, infections, fever, emotional tension , extreme temps, elevated hormone levels

55
Q

what are the parts of a complete head to toe assessment?

A
  1. general survey
  2. vital signs
  3. skin, hair, nails
  4. HEENT
  5. Respiratory
  6. Cardiovascular
  7. Peripheral vascular
  8. GI
  9. GU
  10. muscoloskeletal
  11. neurological
56
Q

What are at rush waist circumferences for men and women?

A

Men > 49in

Women >35 in

57
Q

What is anthropometric date ?

A

Things you can measure like weight, BMI, circomforance

58
Q

What is ketosis and what will help prevent it ?

A

Ketosis is a natural state for the body, something your body does to keep working. In order to maintain ketosis, you need 50 - 100g carbs per day

59
Q

Systole

A

Contraction

60
Q

What does glucose do for the body ?

A

Glucose is a carbohydrates that gets converted into glucose which provides energy, carbon dioxide and water for the body.

61
Q

What is the normal pulse range for adults?

A

60-100 bpm (regular or irregular) (4 POINT SCALE FOR MEASURING)

62
Q

stage 1 hypertension

A

130-139/80-89

63
Q

afebrile

A

Without fever

64
Q

Types of protein

A

Complete (animal protein)
or
incomplete (plant protein)

Based on amino acid composition

65
Q

Nasojejunal route of feeding

A

Thru nose to the small intestines.

66
Q

stage 2 hypertension

A

> 140/ >90

67
Q

Water

A

2/3 of body water is contained within cells intracellular fluid, the rest of the body is extra cellular fluid
Make up 50 - 60% of body wt
Act as digestive aid , absorption, circulation and excretion

68
Q

Apnea

A

temporary sensation of breathing usually during sleep

69
Q

List BMI classifications

A 
<20 underweight 
20 - 24.9 Healthy 
25 - 29.9 overweight 
30 - 34.9 class 1 obese 
35 - 40 class 2 obese 
40+ morbid obesity
70
Q

What are the 6 vital signs?

A 
Temperature
Pulse
Respiration 
Blood Pressure 
Pain assessment 
O2 saturation
71
Q

what is blood pressure?

A

The force exerted by the flow of blood pumped into the large arteries

72
Q

eupnea

A

Normal breathing

Micro (6 decks)

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